Sheep Rations Flashcards

1
Q

A ration should

A
  • provide optimal (not maximum) production
  • be efficient
  • be economical
  • decrease nutritional disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is usually the most limiting factor in sheep nutrition?

A

energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Energy deficiency

A
  • cessation of growth
  • weight loss
  • reproductive failure
  • decreased survival
  • reduced resistance to parasites and disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Protein

A
  • NPN can be utilized
  • most important in young, growing animals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Selenium Deficiency

A

Stiff Lamb Disease (muscular dystrophy) / White Muscle Disease (2-8 weeks of age)
- reduced growth
- be careful when supplementing to prevent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe considerations when supplementing selenium

A

Se supplementation to prevent deficiency should not exceed 0.1 ppm of total ration (add to salt/mineral mix)
- toxicity occurs rapidly!
- toxicity occurs when sheep consume more than 2 ppm in diet for a period of time (tetanus like symptoms)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

3 critical periods

A

Flushing
Last 6 weeks of gestation
First 8 weeks of lactation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Flushing

A
  • feeding ewe right before breeding season to increase ovulation rate, but not necessarily # of lambs born
  • sheep in good condition will probably not respond to flushing
  • begin 3 weeks prior to breeding
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Last 6 weeks of gestation

A
  • developing fetuses
  • pregnancy toxemia (KETOSIS)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pregnancy toxemia occurs almost always with…

A

ewes carrying twins or triplets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

First 8 weeks of lactation

A

requirements depend on # of lambs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Critical periods are even more so with

A

accelerated lambing programs (3 lambings in 2 years)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When to creep feed

A
  • early weaned lambs (90 d normal) <60 days
  • fall and winter born lambs
  • purebred and registered lambs
  • twin lambs and late lambs
  • drought or range
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Creep feed should be

A

very palatable and <15% CP (oats, alfalfa, corn, whey, molasses)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When should you start creep feeding the lambs?

A

as soon after birth as possible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

____ rations are preferred when creep feeding

A

pelleted

17
Q

Considerations when finishing lambs

A
  • level of performance (max vs optimum)
  • kind of lamb (meat vs wool breed)
  • grain source
  • protein source
  • cost (of lambs and feed)
18
Q

When finishing lambs, wheat should not make up ____ of total grain…why?

A

> 50%
Because it will become pasty in the rumen making it harder to digest

19
Q

If wheat is ground, need to…

A

decrease dustiness (molasses)

20
Q

Why sheep?

A
  • less investment
  • complimentary grazing
21
Q

Enterotoxemia

A
  • over-eating disease OR pulpy kidney disease
  • under conditions of high DIGESTIBLE carb intake, the bacterium clostridium perfingens Type D multiplies rapidly and produced a toxin
  • vaccinate
22
Q

Polioencephalomalacia

A
  • occurs most often in feedlot lambs
  • thiamine deficiency
  • initiated by rumen-produced thiaminases
  • disoriented, circling, progressive blindness, occasional head pressing