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Medicine Unit 2 > Anatomy: Fore-gut > Flashcards

Anatomy: Fore-gut Flashcards

1
Q

name the digestive organs proximal to distal in the foregut

A

teeth and salivary glands
pharynx
stomach
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
large intestine
rectum
anus

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2
Q

what are the parts of the pharynx

A

nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx

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3
Q

parts of the laryngopharynx

A

posterior -> oesophagus
anterior -> air

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4
Q

name some of the accessory organs to digestion

A

salivary glands
iver
gall bladder
pancreas

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5
Q

what is in the image

A

parotid salivary glands

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6
Q

what is in the image

A

submandibular glands

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7
Q

what is in the image

A

sublingual salivary glands

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8
Q

what is in the image

A

liver

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9
Q

what is in the image

A

gall bladder

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10
Q

what is in the image

A

pancreas

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11
Q

intraperitoneal

A

organs completed covered by peritoneum
e.g. stomach, jejunum and ileum also examples of visceral peritoneum

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12
Q

retroperitoneal

A

organs pushed posteriorly by peritoneal layer
peritoneum on th anterior surface only

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13
Q

what is the mesentery

A

where the peritoneum pinches

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14
Q

what is in the image

A

greater omentum

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15
Q

what is in the image

A

less omentum

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16
Q

greater omentum

A

continuous fold
from the greater curvature of the stomach
folds down on itself
back to the transverse colon

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17
Q

lesser omentum

A

from the lesser curvature of the stomach
has two distinct parts: the hepatogastric ligament and the hepatoduodenal ligament

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18
Q

what is in the image

A

hepatogastric ligament
from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach

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19
Q

what is in the image

A

hepatoduodenal ligament
from the liver to the duodenum

20
Q

what is in the image

A

ascending aorta
found at the base of the heart

21
Q

what is in the image

A

descending aorta
occurs at T4
subdivides into thoracic and abdomen by the diaphragm

22
Q

what is in the image

A

where aorta conjugates with diaphragm
at T10

23
Q

which branch of the aorta supplies to the foregut

A

the coeliac trunk

24
Q

3 branches of the coeliac trunk

A

left gastric artery
common hepatic artery
splenic artery

25
Q

what is in the image and where does it supply to

A

the left gastric artery
lesser curvature of the stomach

26
Q

what is in the image and where does it supply to

A

common hepatic artery
liver, gallbladder,pancreas head

27
Q

what is in the image and where does it supply to

A

splenic artery
spleen and pancreas

28
Q

what are the other branches of the aorta

A

superior mesenteric
inferior mesenteric

29
Q

where does the superior mesenteric artery supply to

A

the abdomen and midgut

30
Q

where does the inferior mesenteric supply to

A

the large intestine

31
Q

innervation of the foregut

A

sympathetic nerves arise from the spinal cord
parasympathetic nerves arise inferiorly from the spinal cord/brainstem

32
Q

parasympathetic supply to the foregut

A

vagus nerve
coeliac ganglion
all pass along the coeliac trunk

33
Q

sympathetic supply to the foregut

A

sympathetic chain ganglion
connect via the sympathetic trunk
branches arise which are the thoracic splanchnic nerves
synapse in the ganglion

34
Q

what is in this image

A

vagus nerve

35
Q

what is in the image

A

sympathetic chain ganglion

36
Q

what is in the image

A

thoracic splanchnic

37
Q

where does the oesophagus run

A

from the cricoid cartilage at C6
to the cardiac orifice of the stomach at T11
down into the superior mediastinum of the thorax between T1 and T4
enters the abdomen via the oesophageal hiatus

38
Q

layers of the oesophagus

A

adventitia
muscularis externa
submucosa
mucosa

39
Q

what are the functions of the oesophagus

A

food moves by peristalsis

40
Q

adventitia

A

outer layer of connective tissue

41
Q

muscularis externa

A

external layer of longitudinal muscle and inner layer circular muscle
superior third: voluntary striated muscle
middle third: voluntary striated and smooth muscle
inferior third: smooth muscle

42
Q

mucosa

A

non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelium

43
Q

upper oesophageal sphincter

A

striated muscle sphincter
junction between the pharynx and oesophagus
produced by the cricopharyngeus

44
Q

lower oesophageal sphincter

A

located at the gastro-oesophageal junction
situated to the left of the T11 vertebrae
marked by the change from oesophageal to gastric mucosa
physiological/ functional sphincter

45
Q

what is the lower oesophageal sphincter maintained by

A

the oesophagus entering the stomach at an acute angle

Medicine Unit 2 (28 decks)

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