Unit 4: Cell Communication and Cell Cycle

Question 1

central dogma

Answer 1

flow of genetic info in a cell,
DNA->RNA->Protein->Trait

Question 2

transcription

Answer 2

copying DNA into RNA

Question 3

translation

Answer 3

cell makes proteins using RNA

Question 4

rRNA

Answer 4

ribosomal RNA; combines w proteins to form ribosomes

Question 5

tRNA

Answer 5

transfer RNA; corrects amino acids during protein synthesis

Question 6

mRNA

Answer 6

messenger RNA; carries code from DNA to ribosomes

Question 7

template strand

Answer 7

transcribed DNA strand

Question 8

coding strand

Answer 8

untranscribed DNA strand

Question 9

exon

Answer 9

sequence of DNA in mRNA, which encodes the amino acids of a protein

Question 10

intron

Answer 10

sequence of DNA in between exons that is copied into RNA but is cut out of the final RNA transcript and therefore does not change the amino acid code

Question 11

mRNA splicing

Answer 11

post transcription; edits out introns

Question 12

codon

Answer 12

3 nucleotides which form a unit of DNA

Question 13

operon

Answer 13

genes grouped together with related functions

Question 14

RNA polymerase

Answer 14

enzyme responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence

Question 15

promoter

Answer 15

RNA polymerase binding site

Question 16

repressor protein

Answer 16

inhibits the expression of one or more genes; blocks transcription; blocks RNA polymerase

Question 17

operator

Answer 17

binding site of repressor protein