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Anatomy and Physiology > Chapter 4 Skin and Body Membranes part 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Skin and Body Membranes part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What 2 things lie abundantly in the dermis

A

Nerve supply and blood vessels

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2
Q

What is the upper dermal region called

A

Papillary layer

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3
Q

What is the dermal papillae

A

It is uneven and has peglike projections from its superior surface

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4
Q

What is the deepest layer of skin called

A

Reticular layer

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5
Q

What does the reticular layer contain

A

Irregularly arranged connective tissue fibers and blood vessels

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6
Q

What 2 fibers are found in the dermis

A

Collagen and elastic fibers

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7
Q

What is collagen responsible for

A

The toughness of the dermis

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8
Q

What does the elastic fibers give the skin? When?

A

Gives the skin elasticity while being young

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9
Q

What are decubitus ulcers

A

Occur in bedridden patients who aren’t turned regularly and/or dragged across the bed repeatedly

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10
Q

What is another name for cutaneous glands

A

Exocrine Gland

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11
Q

What do Cutaneous glands do

A

Release secretions through ducts to the skin surface

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12
Q

What is the Sebaceous gland

A

Produces oil and ducts that empty into hair follicles

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13
Q

What is sebum

A

Oil produced by the sebaceous gland

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14
Q

What is another name for the sweat glands

A

Sudoriferous gland

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15
Q

What are the 2 types of sweat glands

A

Eccrine and apocrine

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16
Q

What is eccrine

A

Duct open to the surface of the skin

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17
Q

What is the apocrine

A

Duct dumps into the hair follicle

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18
Q

What is sweat composed of

A

Water, vitamin c, some salts

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19
Q

What are the 3 functions of sweat

A

Helps dissipate heat, inhibits bacterial growth, excretes waste products

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20
Q

What are the 2 parts of the hair

A

root and shaft

21
Q

What is hair produced by

A

Hair bump matrix

22
Q

What is hair made of

A

Hard keratinized epithelial cells

23
Q

What provides hair color

A

Melanocytes

24
Q

What is the medulla

A

Central core of a hair

25
Q

What is the cortex

A

Second layer of hair

26
Q

What is the cuticle

A

The outer most layer of hair

27
Q

What is the hair follicle

A

It is the pore in which hair grows, provides blood vessels

28
Q

What is the arrector pili

A

Smooth muscle that causes skin to stand up

29
Q

What 2 glands are found in the hair follicle

A

Sebaceous and sweat glands

30
Q

What are the 3 parts of the nail

A

Free edge, body, and root of nail

31
Q

What is the Eponychium

A

Little skin that projects on to the body of the nail, called the cuticle

32
Q

What color is the nail

A

Colorless

33
Q

What are the nails made of

A

Heavily keratinized

34
Q

Associated dangers of burns

A

Dehydration, circulatory shock, electrolyte imbalance, infection

35
Q

How many sections are in the rule of 9 and what do they represent

A

11 sections - each is ~9% of total body

36
Q

What is a first degree burn

A

Epidermis layer is damaged

37
Q

What is a second degree burn

A

Epidermis and upper dermis are damaged, red with blisters

38
Q

What is a third degree burn

A

Destroys entire layer of skin

39
Q

What is necessary for a third degree burn

A

Grafting

40
Q

What are fourth degree burn

A

Goes through nerves, lungs, tendons, bones

41
Q

What is necessary for a fourth degree burn

A

Medical attention

42
Q

What is psoriasis

A

It is a chronic disease caused by trauma, infection, stress

43
Q

What are the 2 types of cancer

A

Benign and maligant

44
Q

What type of cancer is worse

A

Maligant

45
Q

What is the ABCD rule

A

Used to identify severity of skin cancer

46
Q

What does the A in ABCD rule stand for

A

Asymmetry

47
Q

What does the B in ABCD rule stand for

A

Border irregularity

48
Q

What does the C in ABCD rule stand for

A

Color

49
Q

What does the D in ABCD rule stand for

A

Diameter

Anatomy and Physiology (4 decks)

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