LAST EVERERWEREREWRR

Question 1

Van Harmelen et al (2020)

Answer 1

How peer relationships quality can be a preventative strategy for reducing traumatic stress
Longitudinal study, 14-17 years
Many questionnaires - depression, anxiety, antisocial behaviour
Self-reported questionnaire about friendship quality
Higher friendship quality = higher resilient functioning
Higher cognitive control, executive functioning, able to regulate thoughts + actions w/ goal-relevant material
Depressed kids evoked negative peer interactions through displaying more negative emotions

Question 2

Folostina et al (2015)

Answer 2

How play & drama sessions increase resilience
Children from bad backgrounds
Therapy sessions at school involving play + drama over 6 weeks
Based on the structure: warm up, main event, closure
Increase in self-confidence + concentration
Improved interpersonal relationships & decrease in disruptive behaviour

Question 3

Anderson et al (2010)

Answer 3

Meta-analysis to test effects of violent video games
On aggressive behaviour, desensitisation, prosocial behaviour
Examined effects on Japan = non violent country
More aggressive behaviour, cognition, depression
Video game violence effects are greater in Western culture than Eastern
Same in men & women

Question 4

Diamond et al (1964)

Answer 4

Brain growth in rats
Raised in boring, solitary confinement
Others in exciting, toy-filled colonies
Enriched rats = thicker cerebral cortices
More research on humans confirmed results
Rats raised in stimulating environment had bigger brains → smarter + able to find way through mazes more quickly

Question 5

Werner (2005)

Answer 5

→ longitudinal study explored impacts of risk factors that can limit child’s future happiness / success
→ Hawaiian island of Kauai (40 years)
→ 30% had been exposed to risk factors (poverty, troubled homes, etc) - some of these participants experienced 4 or more risk factors by age 2
→ grew up into confident adults → protective factors WITHIN the individual may be the reason

Question 6

De Bellis et al (1999)

Answer 6

Whether brain structure & development of maltreated + neglected children differed to that of normal children
Comprehensive psychiatric assessments, MRI, questionnaires, sense of self, 44 maltreated kids, 61 normal kids
Smaller areas for maltreated: corpus callosum
Less grey matter in prefrontal cortex
7-8% lower intracranial & cerebral vol of grey + white matter
delay in processing info, in making synaptic connections, higher depression