Module 4 L3-4 Flashcards

1
Q

Vasodilation

A

diameter increases, fluid velocity decreases

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2
Q

Inflammation purpose

A

eliminate infection and repair damage

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3
Q

Local signs of acute inflammation

A

Heat, redness, swelling, pain, loss of function

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4
Q

Two major components of inflammation that contribute to acute inflammation

A

Vascular changes, cellular events

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5
Q

Vascular changes

A

vasodilation, increased viscosity, margination

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6
Q

Vasodilation

A

diameter increases , fluid velocity decreases

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7
Q

Increased viscosity

A

thickness from fluit loss

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8
Q

Vasodilation and increased viscosity lead to

A

margination

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9
Q

Margination

A

leukocyte sitting along inner surface of blood vessels due to slowing of blood dlow

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10
Q

Increased vascular permeability

A

transcytosis

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11
Q

Transycosis

A

Increased fluid flow through endothelial cells

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12
Q

Effects of vascular changes

A

Release transudate -small holes
Release exudate - mid holes
Results in edema

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13
Q

White blood cell migration

A

Margination, rolling, adhesion, phagocytosis

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14
Q

Mediates adhesion

A

sialyl lewis X

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15
Q

Opsonin

A

host proteins that cost microbes and target them for opsonization by lysosomal phagolysosome

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16
Q

Mediates firm adhesion

A

Integrins, ICAM-1intercellular, VCAM-1 vascular

17
Q

Chemoattractant gradient consists of

A

Bacterial peptides, complement system components, cytokines, chemokines, leukotrienes

18
Q

Most important opsonins

A

IgG, C3 breakdown products and plasma binding products called collectins bind to microbial cell wall sugar groups

19
Q

Defensins

A

proteins that form holes in bacterial membranes

20
Q

Nitric oxide purpose

A

vascular smooth muscle relaxation

21
Q

Cytokines TNF and IL1 purpose

A

Local endothelial activation

22
Q

Nitroc oxide and ROS purpose

A

Killing of microbes

23
Q

Arachidonic acid becomes

A

cycloxygenase, 5-lipoxygenase, 12-lipoxygenase

24
Q

Cox 1/2 inhibitors

A

Aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen

25
Q

cox 2 inhibitors

A

celebrex and vioxx

26
Q

singulair is a

A

leukotriene receptor antagonist - reduces airway restriction and airway edema

27
Q

TNF/IL-1 major effects

A

Endothelial, Fibroblast, Systemic, Leukocyte

28
Q

Outcomes of acute inflammation

A

Resolution, Chronic inflammation, fibrosis

29
Q

Fibrosis

A

loss of funtion

30
Q

Chronic inflammation

A

long time of active inflammation (weeks to years)

31
Q

Chronic inflammation distinguished by

A

Macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells

32
Q

Acute inflammation distinguished by

A

neurophilic infiltrate