Common Fractures Flashcards
What classification method is used for categorising ankle fractures?
Weber’s classification
Weber C classification is the ankle fracture that presents with the worst prognosis and most complications. True/false.
True. With a Weber C fracture, there is usually a tear of the deltoid ligament. It occurs above the level of the syndesmosis (fibrous joint).
Management of ankle fractures?
Conservative: cast or moon boot
Operative: ORIF (open reduction internal fixation).
What are the different types of tibial shaft fractures and how are they caused?
Spiral = diagonal fracture that extends around the bone. Caused by a rotational force.
Transverse= horizontal fracture. Caused by tension on the bone.
Oblique = diagonal fracture. Caused by compression force.
Communinated = results in fragments of the bone breaking off. Usually a high impact injury.
For tibial shaft fractures. Closed fractures are more common. True/false.
False, open fractures are more common.
What classification is used for tibial plateau fractures?
Schatzker classification
What does tibial shaft fractures increase the risk of?
Compartment syndrome
Why do femoral shaft fractures occur?
They occur as a result of high energy injuries. In older patients it could be related to osteoporosis.
For pelvic fractures, a disruption to one area will result in disruption elsewhere. True/false
True
How to distal radial fractures usually occur and what should be done during an assessment of suspected fracture?
Commonly occurs due to FOOSH (falling on outstretched hand), assessment of the peripheral nerves should be carried out.
How do olecranon fractures usually occur?
It is a common injury from falling onto the elbow.
What is the olecranon?
The area where there is the insertion of the triceps tendon (extension of the elbow).
How does a humeral shaft fracture occur?
It occurs due to direct trauma to the arm, usually a fall resulting in oblique or spiral fractures.
How does proximal humerus fracture occur?
It is a common injury, typically low energy of osteoporotic bone from a fall. It usually is a surgical neck fracture.
What nerve is at risk of damage in a surgical neck fracture?
Axillary nerve
