Geography Exam Revision Flashcards
what is a primary job?
the jobs involved with exploiting natural resources, like the sea, forests and land. Eg. farmer, lumberjack, oil drilling, coal mining.
what is a secondary job?
they manufacture products, often using the raw materials extracted by people working in the primary sector. Eg. factories.
what is a tertiary job?
these jobs involve providing a service for people. Eg. restaurants, shops, hairdressers
what is a quaternary job?
Involves research, information and advice using high-tech, computing equipment.
What is the name of the model that shows how the number of jobs in sectors has changed over time?
Clark Fisher Model.
How do you calculate percentage change?
Find the difference (subtract).
Divide the answer by the original number.
Multiply the answer by 100.
How are beaches formed by deposition?
Beaches are made up of sand, shingle and pebbles. They are formed over time as eroded material is transported by longshore drift, which is then deposited by less powerful waves with the waves’ swash.
Why did the number of tertiary jobs rise during the industrial period?
Because there was more opportunity to have a job where you provide a service to people, as all of the secondary workers had more money to spend (disposable income) on eating out, cinema, hairdresser etc.
What does the demographic transition model show?
It is based on historical population trends of birth rate and death rate and has 5 stages.
What is stage 1 on the demographic transition model?
Most of the world in pre Industrial Revolution times. High birth rate, high death rate as limited hygiene and sanitation, and medicines were not available.
What is stage 2 on the demographic transition model?
Introduction of modern medicine leads to death rates declining, but birth rates remain high = rapid population growth. This is where any of the least developed countries in the world are now.
What is stage 3 on the demographic transition model?
There are improved economic conditions, rise in women’s status and access to contraception leads to a reduction in birth rate. Population grows but more gradually. Most developing countries are at this stage.
What is stage 4 on the demographic transition model?
Birth rates and death rates are low, which stabilises the population. These countries have strong economies, higher levels of education, better healthcare, higher proportion of working women and a fertility rate around 2 children per woman. Most developed countries are at this stage.
What is stage 5 on the demographic transition model?
This is where fertility rates would have fallen below 2 children per woman and there are more elderly people than youths.
