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AP U.S. Government > Unit 4 Vocab > Flashcards

Unit 4 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

About executive branch

A

Article II

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2
Q
  • Orders issued by the President to members/parts of the EXECUTIVE BRANCH that carry the force of law
  • Does not pass through Congress
  • Not permanent; the next President does not have to follow
A

Exec. Orders

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3
Q

The ability of the President to draw media attention to any topic he/she chooses.

A

Bully Pulpit

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4
Q

Passed over Nixon’s Veto in 1973
1.) Requires the POTUS to “consult” with Congress in “every possible instance” before involving US troops in hostiles.
2.) Notify Congress within 48 hours of committing troops to a foreign intervention
3.) If troops are deployed, they may not stay for more than 60 days without Congressional approval.

A

War Powers Act

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5
Q

Electoral college shall have separate votes for President and Vice President

A

12th amendment

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6
Q

Inauguration Day: Jan. 20, if President elected dies before taking office, Vice President elect shall become new president

A

20th amendment

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7
Q

Known as the FDR amendment, no president shall serve more then 2 terms or 10 years in office

A

22nd amendment

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8
Q

Known as the JFK amendment,
1) when vacancy opens in Vice President office, President may appoint new one w/ consent from both houses,
2) President may temp give up position by written letter to SOTH & Pres. Pro Temp (must write new letter to resume power)
3) Vice President and majority of cabinet can write letter to remove President, or 2/3 of Congress can declare the President unable to rule

A

25th amendment

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9
Q

Voters are asked which party ballot they want to vote for

A

Open Primary

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10
Q

Gives power to small states; Check upon illiterate people

A

Electoral College- Why

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11
Q
  • 15 total department of various size, status, visibility, and function
    ROLE:
    1. PRESIDENTIAL ADVISERS; acts as experts in policy areas
    2. carries out broad tasks
    3. provides necessary services
  • Industrial Revolution created economic pressure groups, government responded; demonstrates power of “Clientele Groups”
  • Farmers- created Dept of Agriculture in 1889
  • Business & Labor- created Commerce and Labor Depts. in 1903
  • Each department has smaller, well known units
A

Cabinet Depts.

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12
Q

Businesses run by government to provide important services or keep them cheap and inexpensive

A

Govt. Corporations

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13
Q

Direct contributions to candidates; strict limits

A

Hard money

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14
Q

Contributions to national parties; no limits; for govt; used to indirectly support candidates for issue advocacy

A

Soft money

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15
Q

The winner of the state popular vote receives ALL ELECTORAL VOTES

A

Winner Take All

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16
Q

Got rid of spoils system and instituted merit system

A

Pendleton Act

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17
Q
  • Unlimited independent expenditures on electioneering communications
  • Cannot directly coordinate with candidates
  • Register with FEC
A

Super PACs

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18
Q
  • Written by Hamilton
  • The government should be ruled by a single “energetic” executive/president with all the power to ensure an efficient and “good” government
A

Federalist 70

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19
Q

A system of hiring and promotion based on the merit principle and the desire to create nonpartisan government service

A

Civil service

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20
Q
  1. Must be at least 35 years of age
  2. Must be a natural-born citizen
  3. Must have lived in the U.S. for 14 years
A

Requirements

21
Q

International agreements made by a president that has the force of treaty; does not require Senate approval

A

Exec. Agreements

22
Q

If Senate is on break, president can rename someone to a different position (temporary)

A

Recess Appointment

23
Q

Statewide vote (44)
- more like a general election
- voters go to polls and cast votes for candidates for party’s presidential nominee
- can be open or closed
- most states use this method

A

Primary

24
Q

Statewide meeting (6)
- a closed meeting of local party members in each state
- debate issues, consider candidates, and discuss platform
- delegates select party’s choice for presidential candidate
- used by only 6 states
- delegates are selected at neighborhood precinct level, then sent to county level, then state, then national convention

A

Caucus

25
Q

Voters receive the ballot they have registered for. Independents CAN NOT VOTE.

A

Closed Primary

26
Q

The winner of the state popular vote receives ALL ELECTORAL VOTES; “WINNER TAKES ALL”; State Electors are to vote for the candidate which wins the state

A

Electoral College- How it works

27
Q

Every state is allotted votes based upon # of Representatives and Senators….#Rep + #Sen= E.V. –> 270 electoral votes to win / 538 e.v. total

A

Electoral College- What

28
Q

Allows president to veto specific lines of a bill –> president currently doesn’t have this power

A

Line item veto

29
Q
  1. Commander in Chief
  2. Pardons & Reprieves
  3. Veto Power
  4. Treaty Making
  5. Appointments
  6. State of the Union
  7. Calling Sessions of Congress
A

Powers: formal

30
Q

Pro: Gives more power to smaller states
Con: Winner of popular vote can lose the electoral vote

A

Electoral College Pros/Cons

31
Q

A privilege recognized to protect against the disclosure of Presidential communications made in the exercise of executive power.

A

Exec. Privilege

32
Q

Agency employees can’t participate in political activities

A

Hatch Act

33
Q
  • “money is speech”
  • Unconstitutional: ban on independent expenditures of corporations and unions
  • Corporations have right to unlimited donations
A

Citizens United v. FEC

34
Q

Independent groups that seek to influence political process but are not subject to contribution restricts because they do not directly seek election of particular candidates

A

527 groups

35
Q

A decision to move a primary date to the beginning (“front”) of the presidential nomination season

A

Frontloading

36
Q

A type of primary election that occurs before the general election to choose candidates to run in the general election

A

Blanket Primary

37
Q

Help develop and implement the policy and programs of the President; only people who work with president

A

Exec. Office of Pres.

38
Q

Tasked with administering laws and federal regulations that apply to specific areas (narrow focus)

A

Independent Executive Agency

39
Q

Banned soft money, increased amount of individual contributions & restricted “independent expenditures” (hard $), and limited issue ads

A

McCain-Feingold (BCRA of 2002)

40
Q

About how policy is made- interest groups will try to sway bureaucratic agencies in the executive branch and congressional committees in the legislative branch; interest groups made up of tobacco farmers, cigarette companies, etc.
Interest groups go to congress to plead with them to not ban cigarettes and give info and donate $$ -> same thing for bureaucratic agencies; congress and agencies talk to each other and debate on whether they should ban them or not

A

Iron Triangle

41
Q

An elector who doesn’t cast a vote or votes for a candidate other than the one they are pledged to.

A

Faithless Elector

42
Q

A system by which appointments and promotions in the civil service are based on competence rather than political favoritism

A

Merit System

43
Q
  • interest groups <– for issue advocacy
  • no public disclosure of donors –> dark money
A

501c groups

44
Q

When you are given a job based on your support of the winning candidate (spoils system)

A

Political patronage

45
Q
  1. Limited total candidate spending
  2. Limited individual contributions ($1000 per election)
  3. Limited PAC donations - ($5000/election)
  4. Public disclosure of donations - $200+
  5. FEC (federal election commission) - regulate federal elections, execute laws 1-4 & regulate agency
A

FECA (Federal Election Campaign Act)

46
Q

Q: Is the President’s right to safeguard certain information, using his “executive privilege” confidentiality power, entirely immune from judicial review?
Ruling: Unconstitutional; can’t safeguard information when investigating a crime

A

U.S. v. Nixon

47
Q
  • 1,2,3 constitutional or unconstitutional?
    -Money = free speech (thus 1st Amend protected)
    -CONST: #2 & #3 (= playing field)
    -UNCONST: #1- Cand. Have right to spend whatever they want; $=speech; can not limit personal $ spent in elections
A

Buckley v. Valeo

48
Q

Administration, implementation, and regulation (AIR)

A

The Bureaucracy Role

49
Q

Regulate important aspects of our economy and society

A

Regulatory Agency

AP U.S. Government (9 decks)

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