Joint Syndrome

Question 1

Relevance of the problem of joint disease

Answer 1

The study of morbidly ,mortality and prevention of rheumatic diseases and the incidence of temporary disability due to rheumatic diseases is common
-*early damage to young people

Question 2

What is joint syndrome

Answer 2

Joint syndrome is a complex of symptoms associated with universal rheumatic disease with anatomical defeats to joints and various pathological processes

Question 3

Describe the pathogenesis of joint syndrome

Answer 3

*inflammation : which presents with pain, swelling, ,heat and dysfunction of joint
*Degeneration :is a situation where by the damage cartilage is replaced by connective tissue

Question 4

Mechanism of the pathogenesis of articulation syndrome

Answer 4

Articular damage can occur in two ways
1:Abrasion gradual wearing way of the cartilage occur in osteoarthritis
2:erosion as a result of inflammatory synovitis In rheumatoid arthritis or other rheumatic disease

Question 5

Give 6 subjective symptoms of degenerative defects or joints

Answer 5

*No morning stiffness
*No signs of systemic diseases
*pain is experienced at load
*No signs of acute inflammation
*gradually progressive deterioration
*anti-inflammatory therapy doesn’t help

Question 6

Subjective Signs of inflammatory synovitis

Answer 6

*morning stiffness
*Anti-inflammatory therapy helps
*presence of systemic manifestations
*symptoms can be at rest and in load also
*signs of acute inflammation and attacks comes in flashes

Question 7

Objective symptoms of degenerative defects

Answer 7

Crunch and bone hypertrophy
X ray signs of local cartilage defect hyperostosis
Preferential damage to joints under load

Question 8

Treatment of degenerative defects

Answer 8

Surgical

Question 9

Treatment of inflammatory synovitis

Answer 9

Medications

Question 10

Objective symptoms of inflammatory synovitis

Answer 10

*damage to elbows,brushes,metacarpophalangeal joints
*Edema soft tissue x ray signs maybe absent ,diffuse cartilage loss and absence loss and absence of new bone growth are characteristic

Question 11

Classification of joint diseases

Answer 11

Inflammatory lesion of joints
* rheumatoid arthritis
*psoriatic arthritis
*Reactive arthritis
Degenerative joint damage
*osteoathritis
*osteochondrosis
Paraneoplastic arthropathiesb
*hypertrophic osteoarthropathy
*paraneoplastic scleroderma

Question 12

Diagnosis of joint syndrome what does anamnesis contains

Answer 12

*Age
*Sex
*heredity
*provocative factors

Question 13

Characteristics of joint syndrome (diagnosis)

Answer 13

*pain
*movement
*localization of the pain
*configuration

Question 14

Defeat of the domestic organs

Answer 14

*skin
*eyes and mucous membranes
*urogenital tract
*heart and lungs
*kidney

Question 15

Laboratory signs

Answer 15

Blood test
Urinalysis
Purine exchange
Acute phase indicators, (Rheumatoid factors

Question 16

X ray data

Answer 16

Utilization
Osteophytes
Joint space narrowing
Periarticular osteoporosis

Question 17

Gender and articular syndrome which diseases affects the men

Answer 17

Gout
Reiters disease
Ankylosing spondylitis

Question 18

Articular diseases that affects women

Answer 18

Rheumatism
Sle ,systemic scleroderma
Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 19

4 provocative factors of Articular diseases

Answer 19

*drugs
*weather
*intense physical activity
* allergies (hypersensitivity)
*certain diets like meats, fatty foods

Question 20

List 6 characteristics of the types of Articular syndrome (inflammatory type

Answer 20

Morning pain
No Hyper-mobility
Redness +swelling
Load start
2nd half of the night
No crunch

Question 21

Load type of Articular syndrome 5

Answer 21

*Evening pain
*1st half of the night
*No redness swelling
*hypermobility
*sunday-worn
* At the end of the load

Question 22

Describe symptoms of morning stiffness

Answer 22

Morning stiffness upto 30 mins is degenerative lesion
Morning stiffness from 30 mins is rheumatoid arthritis

Question 23

Examination of joint include

Answer 23

*palpation
*assessment of size of joints
*assessment of state of periarticular tissues
* assessment of movements and volume

Question 24

Name diseases associated with joint condition of the skin

Answer 24

Gout
Reiters disease
Psoriatic arthritis
Reactive arthritis

Question 25

Joint shape variation include

Answer 25

*Deformation:associated with bone sprawl
*configuration ;associated with exudative processes

Question 26

Which disease cause brush deformity

Answer 26

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 27

Laboratory tests for rheumatic diseases

Answer 27

*Most useful markers or acute phase response in rheumatic diseases are ESR and C-reactive protein
*blood test:hemoglobin,leukocytes formula,ESR
*sterilization blood culture
*General urine analysis

Question 28

Serological tests (main diagnostic markers

Answer 28

*Antinuclear antibodies (ANA)
*Rheumatoid factor
*antibodies to citrulinated squirrels (ACB)
*Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)
*Antiphospholipid antibodies

Question 29

Instrumental diagnosis

Answer 29

*x ray examination
* joint ultrasound
*x -ray computed tomography
*magnetic resonance imaging
*synovial biopsy arthroscopy

Question 30

X ray examination inflammatory type of joint damage

Answer 30

*joint space narrowing
*Bone utilization
*periarticular osteoporosis

Question 31

X ray examination degenerative type of joint damage

Answer 31

*periarticular osteosclerosis
*Joint space narrowing
Marginal osteophytes

Question 32

X-ray computed tomography

Answer 32

Helps to clarify conditions of bone structures of the joints
*Especially valuable for diagnosing those joint diseases primary changes in which are localized in bone tissue

Question 33

Indications of consultations of a rheumatologist

Answer 33

Presence of 3 more swollen joints
Damage to the metacarpal phalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints
The presence of a symptom of morning stiffness for more than 30mins
The presence of immunological disorders