Health & Safety / CDM Flashcards
What is the “safe person concept”?
Each individual assumed behavioural responsibility for their own, their colleagues’ and others’ health and safety at work.
What is the current RICS documentation on health and safety?
RICS Guidance Note 2018 - “Surveying safely: H&S principles for property professionals”
What is a “risk assessment”?
Examining what in your work could cause harm
Who could be harmed and how
What steps you can take to eliminate or reduce that risk in advance,
Record and implement findings, advise others, review regularly
What is a “hazard”, “severity”, and “risk”?
Hazard is the thing that could cause harm
Severity is how bad the outcome could be from that harm
Risk is probability that it would occur
What is involved in a “dynamic risk assessment”?
Assessing risk just before, or during, the work activity.
- Is it safe to continue
- Where are the exits
- Who is with me, where are their exits
- Is everyone with me competent
What is a risk assessment “matrix”?
Something very boring, where you create a “grid” of “hazard severity vs risk”
Give each entry in the matrix a score.
We use a more subjective approach.
What is a fire risk assessment, and when must they be updated?
An assessment report of the risk of fire within a building, undertaken by a competent person.
No strict rules, but government guidance says:
- Review annually, redo every 3 years, or after major building amendment (3 storeys+)
- Review every 2 years, redo every 4 years, or after major building amendment (less than 3 storeys)
List some examples of where asbestos is typically found in buildings.
Roof tiles, gutter/downpipe collars, soffit/facia boards
Lagging, gaskets, boiler flue
Floor tiles, ceiling spray coatings, ceiling tiles
Access hatch panels, service cupboards, bath panel
Water tanks, WC cisterns, sink pads
Electrical flashguards
Name the main asbestos legal framework in the UK?
Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012
CAR 2012
Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012
CAR 2012
Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012
CAR 2012
hat would you typically include in a Pre-Construction Information pack?
Log of info requested from client
Name the dutyholders/roles
Site information
Project nature, works and key dates
Clarify requirements for safe working (eg,. Who is responsible for site security)
Identify safety and health hazards and risks
Site layout plan
What would you typically find in a Construction Phase Plan?
Project directory, works programme
General site arrangements – identify unloading areas, welfare, access, traffic/pedestrian management systems,
Emergency procedures – Fire, terrorist, bomb procedures, route to nearest hospital, OOH contact umbers, scaffold alarm details
Risk Assessment, and Method Statement
Training records, insurance details, accident report forms
Who compiles and maintains the H&S file, and what would typically be included in it?
PD:
i. Project directory and information
ii. Hazards left on site (residual) inc. materials used (coatings, paints, flammable etc)
iii. Structural alterations/limitations
iv. Location of services
v. Info on safe operation and maintenance
List some of the duties of the client under CDM.
Appoint other dutyholders
Allocate sufficient time/resources
Provide relevant info to other dutyholders
Ensure work carried out without H&S risks
Check PD does H&S file
Take reasonable steps to make sure PD and PC comply with duties
Do F10 notification
List some of the duties of the PD under CDM.
Plan, manage, monitor pre-construction phase
Share pre-construction phase plan with contractors
Consider H&S when design, organisational and technical aspects being decided
Identify, eliminate/control foreseeable risks, both during and after works (H&S file)
Create H&S file, review and update
List some of the duties of the designers under CDM.
Take into account principles of prevention to eliminate foreseeable H&S risks
“Design out” risk completely, or reduce it
Provide sufficient info with designs
List some of the duties of the contractors under CDM.
Comply with CPP
Advise on time and resources
Ensure welfare provided
Inductions done
Ensure site security
Provide info for H&S file
What is a Design Risk Assessment?
Designer(s) providing comprehensive info about the risks originating from their designs to the PD, PC and client.
When is a project F10 notifiable under CDM?
500 person working days, or:
20 workers on site at one time, AND more than 30 working days
What are the principles of risk prevention?
Avoid risk
Remove risk
Replace risk
Minimise risk through technical means
Minimise risk through administration means
If all else fails, protection measures (PPE)
What is RIDDOR?
“Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013
- If you are an employer, you must report any work-related deaths,and certain work-related injuries, cases of disease,and near misses involving your employees wherever they are working
- Must report accidents resulting in the death of any person; accidents resulting in specified injuries to workers; non-fatal accidents requiring hospital treatment to non-workers; and dangerous occurrences to HSE within 10 days of the incident.
- Over 7 day injuries must be reported within 15 days of the incident
- Keep a record of any reportable injury, over-seven day injury, disease or dangerous occurrence.
- Maintain an accident book (B1510) for keeping the records of injuries, kept for a minimum of 3 years after an occupational accident or injury.
- Record all injuries over 3 days’ incapacitation.
- Undertake; record; and review a risk assessment”
What is included within a Risk Assessment before going to site?
”- A list of hazards present on the site, i.e. anything that may cause harm.
- Who the hazard presents a risk to
- Assess level of risk in terms of severity x likelihood
- Action to be taken to minimise identified risks
- Identify if any residual risks remain
- List further actions if required
- Record findings of Risk Assessment”
Who are the 6 duty holders under the CDM Regulations 2015?
Client
Principal Designer
Designer
Principal Contractor
Contractor
Workers
What are the Client’s responsibilities under CDM Regulations 2015?
”- Appoint/notify other duty holders of their responsibilities
- Ensure sufficient time/resources are allocated
- Ensure there is relevant information prepared
- Ensure PD & PC carry out their duties
- Ensure Welfare facilities are provided”
What are the duties of a Principal Designer?
”- Identify, eliminate or control foreseeable risks
- Ensure the designers carry out their duties
- Liaise with the PC to plan coordination of the construction phase
- Prepare H&S File and issue to PC”
What is the role of a Principal Contractor?
- Plan, manage and monitor and coordinate H&S in the construction phase.
What are the duties of a Principal Contractor?
”- Prepare a CPP
- Ensure site inductions are provided
- Prevent unauthorised access
- Welfare facilities are provided
- Develop H&S File”
What are toolbox talks?
A short presentation to the workforce on a single aspect of health and safety i.e. Slips Trips and Fall, behaviour, asbestos awareness.
What is the role of the Health & Safety Executive?
To prevent work-related death, injury and ill health by
- helping workers understand how they can stay safe and well
- concentrating on the most serious risks, and targeting industries with the greatest hazards, and sectors with the worst risk management record
- undertaking inspections to check that serious risks are managed sensibly
- undertaking investigations when things go wrong, to establish the truth and learn lessons
- holding employers accountable for their failures and to make workplaces safer.
What documentation does the RICS produce to help with your personal safety when carrying out your work?
Surveying Safely GN, 2nd edition, 2018 (came into effect February 2019)
What are the main areas of risk when working on a construction site?
“Depends on the site. Some areas of risk include:
- Moving objects / vehicles
- Slips, trips, and falls
- Noise
- Handling of materials e.g. cement
- Structural stability e.g. fragile structures (existing buildings), collapsing trenches.
- Deleterious materials e.g. Lead, Asbestos”
Name a few risks to health and safety stated within the RICS Surveying Safely GN, 2nd edition, 2018?
- Structural stability: chimney stacks, leaning/unrestrained walls, corroded beams and columns
- Timbers, glass and sharp objects: rotten floors and staircases, weak pavement lights, projecting nails/screws, broken/weak hinges and sash cords
- Roofs: fragile roof lights, brittle asbestos cement sheets, unboarded insulation
- Danger from live and unsecured services
- Radio frequency (RF) hazards - Slip and trip hazards; & falls from height e.g. low parapets/unguarded roof edges
- Contamination e.g.water cooling plant that may contain legionella bacteria
- Impact of other people/animals on site e.g. trespassers / birds and vermin
What is the key project documentation relating to health and safety?
- Pre-construction information (living document)
- Construction phase plan
- F10
- Health and Safety File
What is the aim of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974?
- To ensure that organisations and businesses understand their role in ensuring and supporting health and safety in the workplace – as far as is reasonably practicable. TheActsetsoutthegeneraldutieswhichemployershavetowardsemployeesand membersofthepublic,andemployeeshavetothemselvesandtoeachother.
What is contained within a Health & Safety File?
- O&M Manuals (facilities management use)
- As-built drawings (incl. services)
- Record of residual risks which may affect the maintenance and cleaning of the structure
- Hazardous materials used
- Any other information— not necessarily resulting from the design — which could affect the health and safety of any person carrying out construction work in or on the structure in the future.
What is the difference between a risk and a hazard?
A hazard is something which has the potential to cause harm. A risk is the likelihood of a hazard occurring and causing harm.
What relationship does the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 have with the various health and safety Regulations?
- Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 is the basis of British Health and Safety Law which is goal-setting and leaves employers freedom to decide how to control risks which they identify.
- H&S regulations identify specific (greater) risks and set out specific actions which employers and employees are required to do to manage health and safety under the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974.
Under what legislation are the various Regulations issued?
The Building Act 1984.
Explain the different types of asbestos survey?
Management Survey = to locate the presence and extent of any suspected ACMs in the building which could be damaged or disturbed during normal occupancy including foreseeable maintenance and installations, and assess their condition.
Refurbishment & Demolition Survey = needed before any refurbishment or demolition works are undertaken to pre-2000 properties. Fully intrusive survey & destructive inspection. Survey identifies, location, product based on testing & condition within works areas.
What is the aim of the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015?
Improvement in the way in which construction work is managed to lower risks on site.
When do you have to notify the HSE?
- Where construction phase work is expected to: last longer than 30 working days and have more than 20 workers working simultaneously at any point in the project; or, exceed 500 person days.
- F10 must be submitted 48 hours before work on site commences
Who is responsible for issuing the F10 notification?
Client is responsible for notifying HSE of project commencement (F10). Usually appoints PD / Consultant to do this.
What is the function of the health and safety file?
To provide relevant health and safety information to be taken into account during any subsequent project, maintenance or cleaning regimes, including residual risks.
