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unfamilar topics Flashcards

1
Q

what is dentistry

A
  • focused on prevention, detection, management and treatment of oral and dental disease
  • more to it than drilling and filling
  • duties extend beyond patient care
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2
Q

what are your thoughts on an obesity tax

A
  • many perspectives
  • what about other diseases, more taxes? = slippery slope
  • lifestyle choice and rights
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3
Q

which medical advancements over the last 10 years should receive a nobel prize

A

robotic assisted surgery

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4
Q

how has medicine improved over the last 50 years

A

key hole surgery
antibiotics
vaccination

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5
Q

what is the future of dentistry

A

understanding the interactions between oral health and general health
advances in technology and dental materials
social and economic development
eco-friendly?

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6
Q

why is epidemiology so important to you

A
  • inverse care law - whose who most need dental care are the least likely to get it
  • workforce expansion - future healthcare needs to be just as much about preventing disease as ensuring there is enough dental care professional to deliver certain forms of dentistry
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7
Q

digital dentistry?

A

intra oral scanners - 3d imaging - link to implants
as a graduate will be readily prepared to cope with the challenges of keeping up to date with the recent developments both scientific and technological

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8
Q

policy and politics

A

in areas such as health and safety, employment, decontamination and infection control are prevalent issues of importance for the government, leading to an increase in the need for a diverse skill set in the dental team
government is big on value for money, and so it is vital to ensure that health care is evidence based and appropriate to both the patient care and the value for money

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9
Q

what are your thoughts on dental tourism

A
  • turkey teeth
  • brings to the surface the issue of the cost of dentistry and the privatisation
  • lack of education
  • more issues
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10
Q

privatisation of dentistry

A

social elite are less focused on dental disease and more about cosmetic dentistry. healthcare has shifted from just being focused on disease.
nhs dentistry focuses primarily on the functionality of dentistry, whereas private care has a lot of focus on producing the most attractive results possible. they can be more flexible, and can take on more patients. the nhs is still dealing with the backlog of covid, so many are struggling to get care for their teeth and if they cant afford the private care they will do it themselves. however, there is the idea of over treating, where private practices look for profit and so may not offer the best options because they want you to get the more expensve treatment so you pay them more.

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11
Q

how has dentistry changed over the last 30 years

A

there has been many advances in treatments, practices, materials, techniques and technologies. greater emphasis on prevention rather than just going when the pain is too much. more people care about the cosmetic side. patients are more informed now. full patient history - move toward looking at the whole body rather than just the mouth. difference between oral health and dental health. education has improved, childsmile.

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12
Q

the smart filling

A

releases calcium and phosphate ions on contact with the acids from the bacteria that cause the decay. they help repair damage too

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13
Q

what are the biggest challenges facing dentistry today

A

the pandemic - the backlog caused by it. however there are some positves because if something were to happen like this again there would be more awareness and better procedures in place to prevent the spread.
increase in private healthcare.
cost of living crisis
cash strapped nhs

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14
Q

how does the nhs charge for dentistry

A

england has bands

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15
Q

amalgam debate

A

these fillings are 50% mercury, 35% silver and 15% tin, with some small amounts of zinc as well. dentists were using it 150 years ago. used to repair cavities.
over recent decades mercury has been associated with many negative health impacts, such as MS, alzheimers, kidney and brain damage. the fillings release small amounts of the mercury into the bloodstream and taken to the lungs and then the kidneys. however you could have like 15 fillings and the levels would be too low to cause harm. most research has found that there is no link between the fillings and health issues, unless people are allergic to mercury.

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16
Q

what are the alternatives to amalgam fillings

A

composite. polymer resin, aesthetic option. used to restore broken down infected or damaged teeth. more expensive though. amalgam lasts longer

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17
Q

how does smoking affect dental health

A

creates a lovely welcoming habitat to the bacteria that cause periodontal disease. it leads to dry mouth, and if you dont have the saliva to wash over your teeth, the bacteria build up and cause a whole host of issues.

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18
Q

oral cancer

A

any part of the mouth. early detection is important for successful treatment. brush biopsy can detect the oral cancer early. the biggest risk factors for it in the uk are smoking and alcohol. age and previous history of oral cancer are also established risk factors. thorough oral examinations and an understanding of clinical presentation of potential oral cancer lesions are important facets of detecting oral cancer

19
Q

what advice would you give a patient about preventing oral cancer

A
  • dont smoke
  • reduce alcohol consumption
  • good diet, fruit and veg
  • regular checkups
20
Q

what can increase chances of getting gum disease

A

smoking and alcohol. ask and advise, assist and arrange.

21
Q

how does diabetes affect the mouth

A

when diabetes goes uncontrolled, your white blood cells can be affected , which is the bodys main defence against bacterial infections. gum disease is caused by bacteria, so it can be more likely in people with uncontrolled diabetes

22
Q

what are the main dental complaints

A
  • bad breath
  • caries
  • gum disease
  • ulcers
  • oral cancer
23
Q

what is gum disease

A

inflammation of the gums which can progress to the gums, caused by the bacteria found in plaque.

24
Q

how can dentists promote good health

A
  • educating the importance of oral hygeine
  • diet advice
  • scale and polishing
25
Q

what is the fluoridation debate

A

fluoride can aid the strengthening of the enamel, as well as inhibiting enzymes in the plaque which can prevent them from producing acids that cause tooth decay.
water fluoridation is when the chemical is added to drinking water to help prevent tooth decay.
the issues with it is something known as dental fluorises, whcih caused discoloration of the teeth in children 5 and below. however some have argued that it can cause a variety of other negative health effects such as hindered brain development, and even bone cancer in younger males. 28% fewer five year olds that drink fluroidated water have dental caries compared to the normal water.
however, it infringes rights of personal liberty. its medicating people without them having the right to refuse. so there is the problem of protecting peoples autonomy.

26
Q

what are the roles of dental nurses

A

chairside assistance.
sterilising instruments, mixing fillings, impression materials etc.

27
Q

influence of technology on dentistry?

A

patient care better monitored. access to information is easier. robotic dentistry can improve the accuracy of incisions as there is a lack of the human tremor. save paper.
can be expensive, risk of the safety of confidential data.

28
Q

how does politics influence healthcare decisions

A

they set the budget. demand always exceeds supply. units of dental activity - specific number to be fulfilled every year

29
Q

what are the issues with the NHS

A
  • adequate funding
  • long waiting times
  • elderly live longer which creates strain on the NHS
30
Q

pros of private healthcare

A

autonomy - if he can afford, he should have the right to choose.
the waitling list would increase
health tourism without it

31
Q

cons of private healthcare

A

two tier system. some carry out unnecessary tasks to get the max money

32
Q

what are the duties of a dentist

A

communicate
put patients first
informed consent
raise concerns if patients are at risk
remain professional
work with colleageus well

33
Q

what is the GDC

A

organisation which regulates dentists across the UK. its aims are to protect patients, promote confidence in dentists and dental care professionals, and to be at the forefront of healthcare regulation. they register qualified dentists, assure quality of dental education, they help patients with complaints they may have, and they strengthen patient protection

34
Q

what is the BDA

A

owned only by its members which aims to promote their interests by advances in science, arts and ethics of dentistry, improving the nations oral health

35
Q

what are the different areas of dentistry

A
  • general
  • cosmetic
  • endo
  • ortho
  • prosthodontics
  • perio
  • maxfax
  • paedeatric
36
Q

what type of people have poor oral health

A

socio demographic gradient. deprived areas. social exclusion and isolation. mental health issues. impaired physical mobility - not able to go to the dentist as easily as others

37
Q

who is entitled to free nhs dental treatment

A

under 18 and in education
pregnant or baby in last year
income support

38
Q

why do dentists need to be versatile

A

communicator,listener, educator, investigator, decison maker, leader, presenter, mentor, researcher

39
Q

why do dentists leave the NHS

A

nhs doesnt allow dentists to work with full clinical freedom, or use the best materials and labatories

40
Q

what are the expenses associated with running your own practice

A
  • council tax
  • staff wages
  • materials and equipment
  • liability insurance
  • bill
  • repairs
  • new equipment and software
41
Q

should all dentists have to work in the NHS for a few years after they qualify

A

the nhs spends a lot to train new dentists, so it could be argued that they should so they can give back to the nhs as a thank you for the support they received
however, the loyalty to the nhs is being tested over time with the lack of funding and freedom. it should be a choice for the dentist to make, though. everyone has different opinions

42
Q

difference between tooth erosion and tooth decay

A

tooth erosion is when the enamel is demineralised as a result of the exposure to acids from food and drink.
tooth decay or caries is when acids from plque bacteria cause a loss of the minerals in the enamel, causing a cavity which exposes the dentin layer

43
Q

how would you discourage someone from dentistry

A

long training period
time and stress management.
deadlines and exams
lots of pressure
be organised
stamina

Interviews (14 decks)

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