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Musculoskeletal Rehab > Elbow Examination > Flashcards

Elbow Examination Flashcards

1
Q

what are some things to observe in regards to the elbow?

A

Carrying angle
Normal 5°-10° males
Normal 10°-15° females
Triangle Sign→ screen for potential fracture
Olecranon Bursitis
Presence of edema, effusion, ecchymosis and/or erythema
Check tissue temp

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2
Q

what are some muscular elbow pathology?

A

Lateral epicondylitis
Medial epicondylitis
Distal biceps rupture/strai

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3
Q

what are some instability elbow pathology?

A

Medial instability → UCL
Lateral Instability

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4
Q

what are some nerve compression elbow pathology?

A

PIN syndrome → radial
Cubital tunnel syndrome → ulnar
Pronator syndrome → median

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5
Q

what are some fracture/ dislocation/ subluxation elbow pathology?

A

Supracondylar
Radial head
Intracondylar

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6
Q

what are some other elbow pathologies?

A

Osteochondritis dissecans
Osteochondrosis
Myositis ossificans
Olecranon bursitis

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7
Q

what is the first diagnosis if the patient present with pain over lateral elbow during gripping activities?

A

lateral epicondylitis

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8
Q

what is the first diagnosis if a patient presents with pain over medial elbow with wrist flexion & pronation?

A

medial epicondylitis

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9
Q

what is the first diagnosis if a patient presents with Numbness & tingling along ulnar nerve distribution distal to elbow?

A

cubital tunnel

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10
Q

what is the first diagnosis if a patient presents with Pain in anterior elbow & forearm worsened w/ wrist flexion combined w/ elbow flexion & forearm pronation?

A

pronator teres syndrome

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11
Q

what is the first diagnosis if a patient presents with pain with elbow movement with sensations of catching or instability?

A

UCL Instability

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12
Q

what is the first diagnosis if a patient presents with posterior elbow pain with elbow hyperextension?

A

possible valgus overload (extension overload)

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13
Q

what criteria from a patient may lead you to believe they have a fracture?

A

Acute elbow injury
Adults >15 y/o
Children 3-15

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14
Q

what criteria from a patient may lead you to believe they do not have a fracture?

A

Previous limited extension
no history of trauma
injury >72 hours old
Neuromuscular disease

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15
Q

what is the capsular pattern for radiohumeral joint?

A

flexion, extension, supination & pronation

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16
Q

what is the capsular pattern for proximal radiohumeral joint?

A

supination, pronation

17
Q

what is the capsular pattern for distal radiohumeral joint?

A

pain at extremes of rotation

18
Q

what is the common direction of preference & the progression?

A

extension
- Open chain
- Open chain w/ flick
- Loaded (closed chan)
- Loaded with patient generated overpressure

19
Q

what are the arthrokinematics for flexion at the humeroulnar joint?

A

anterior, anterior

20
Q

what are the arthrokinematics for extension at the humeroulnar joint?

A

posterior, posterior

21
Q

what are the arthrokinematics for flexion at the humeroradial joint?

A

anterior, anterior

22
Q

what are the arthrokinematics for extension at the humeroradial joint?

A

posterior, posterior

23
Q

what are the arthrokinematics for pronation at the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

anterior, posterior

24
Q

what are the arthrokinematics for supination at the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

posterior, anterior

25
Q

what is the diagnostic test for lateral epicondylitis?

A

+ Cozen’s Test (Resisted wrist extension - ECRB)
+ Mills Test (Stretch wrist extension - ECRL)
+ Maudsley Test (EDC)
+ pain palpation at lateral epicondyle

26
Q

what is the diagnostic test cluster for medial epicondylitis?

A

+ pain with resisted wrist flexion
+ pain with stretch of wrist flexors (PROM into wrist extension)
+Golfer’s Elbow Test
+pain with palpation of medial epicondyle/Common Flexor Tendon

27
Q

what test can you do when you suspect median nerve (pronator terms syndrome)?

A

Pronator teres test

28
Q

what test can you perform is ulnar nerve (cubital tunnel syndrome) is suspected?

A

Elbow flexion test, Tinel’s Test

29
Q

what test can you perform when radial nerve (PIN/Radial Tunnel Syndrome is suspected)?

A

ULTT palpation

30
Q

what are some differential diagnosis when ulnar nerve is involved?

A

Cubital tunnel syndrome
Ulnar (Guyon’s) tunnel Syndrome
C8 or T1 radiculopathy

31
Q

what are some differential diagnosis when median nerve is involved?

A

Pronator Teres Syndrome
Anterior Interosseous Nerve (wrist & hand)
Carpal Tunnel
C6, C7 radiculopathy

32
Q

what are diagnostic test for radial tunnel syndrome?

A

+ULTT2b
+TTP

33
Q

what are some differential diagnosis for radial nerve?

A

Cervical radiculopathy
Lateral epicondylitis

34
Q

what are some test for UCL sprain/tear?

A

Valgus stress test
Moving valgus stress test

35
Q

what are some test for RCL sprain/tear?

A

varus stress test

Musculoskeletal Rehab (13 decks)

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