lecture 12 - epidemiology Flashcards
1
Q
what is epidemiology?
A
- study of distribution of health-related states and event in a specified population
(study of disease progression within a population)
2
Q
Who are the 2 early epidemiologists?
A
- Snow - Mid 1800’s - Cholera contaminated well (Father of epidemiology)
- Florence Nightingale - Mother of modern nursing and epidemiology
3
Q
what should epidemiology be?
A
- Descriptive - acquire all data about disease
- Analytical - Analyze a disease to try to determine ethology (through cohort and case control)
- experimental - hypothesis testing
4
Q
what is ethology?
A
- study of disease and its origin
5
Q
what are notifiable diseases?
A
infections that must be reported to a public health body if they are found
6
Q
what is morbidity?
A
incidence of specific notifiable diseases
7
Q
what is mortality?
A
- deaths caused by these notifiable diseases
8
Q
what are the steps to koch’s postulates?
A
- MOs are isolated from a diseased/dead animal
- MO is grown in pure culture/MO is identified
- MO injected into healthy lab animal
- Disease reproduces in animal
- MO is isolated from animal and grown in pure culture/MO is identified
9
Q
what is a communicable disease?
A
spreads between hosts
- ex. chickenpox, measles, herpes
10
Q
what is a non communicable disease?
A
doesn’t spread between hosts - is more dangerous
- ex. Clostridium tetani, Cryptococcus gattii
11
Q
what is an incidence?
A
a new infection
12
Q
what is prevalence?
A
- new and existing infections (rate @ which something occurs in a particular population)
13
Q
sporadic?
A
only shows up occasionally
14
Q
endemic?
A
always present in particular environment
15
Q
epidemic?
A
many new infections in an area over a short period of time
