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Respiratory > Acidosis vs Alkalosis > Flashcards

Acidosis vs Alkalosis Flashcards

1
Q

What is respiratory alkalosis due to?

A

Hyperventilation

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2
Q

What would the ABG findings be in someone with respiratory alkalosis?

A

↑pH
↓pCO2
↓HCO3 (if partially compensated or chronic)

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3
Q

What are possible causes of respiratory alkalosis?

A

CNS infection
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
Panic attack
Pulmonary emboli
Aspirin overdose
Anaemia
altitude
pregnancy

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4
Q

What are the possible CNS causes of respiratory alkalosis?

A

Stroke
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
Encephalitis

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5
Q

What is respiratory acidosis due to?

A

C02 retention

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6
Q

What is C02 retention with respiratory acidosis due to?

A

Hypoventilation or impaired gas transfer across alveolar membranes.

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7
Q

What would the ABG findings be in someone with respiratory acidosis?

A

↓pH
↑HCO3 (if partially compensated or chronic)
↑CO2

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8
Q

What are the possible causes of respiratory acidosis?

A

COPD
decompensation in other respiratory conditions
neuromuscular disease
obesity hypoventilation syndrome
sedative drugs

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9
Q

What other respiratory conditions would you get decompensation in resulting in respiratory acidosis?

A

Life threatening asthma
Pulmonary oedema

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10
Q

What sedative drugs might result in respiratory acidosis?

A

Benzodiazepines
Opiate overdose

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11
Q

What does this indicate?
↔ CO2
↔ pH

A

Normal Acid Base Status

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12
Q

What does this indicate?
↔ CO2 ↓ pH

A

Metabolic acidosis

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13
Q

What does this indicate?
↔ CO2 ↑ pH

A

Metabolic alkalosis

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14
Q

What does this indicate?
↑ CO2 ↔ pH

A

Respiratory Acidosis with full metabolic compensation

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15
Q

What does this indicate?
↑ CO2 ↓ pH

A

Respiratory Acidosis

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16
Q

What does this indicate?
↑ CO2 ↑ pH

A

Metabolic Alkalosis with partial respiratory compensation

17
Q

What does this indicate?
↓ CO2 ↔ pH

A

Respiratory Alkalosis with full metabolic compensation

18
Q

What does this indicate?
↓ CO2 ↓ pH

A

Metabolic Acidosis with partial respiratory compensation

19
Q

What does this indicate?
↓CO2 ↑ pH

A

Metabolic Alkalosis with partial respiratory compensation

20
Q

What is the normal pH?

A

7.35-7.45

21
Q

What is the normal PaC02?

A

4.7-6.0 kPa
35-45 mmHg

22
Q

What is the normal Pa02?

A

9.3-13.3 kPa
80-100 mmHg

23
Q

What is the normal HCO3–?

A

22-28 mmol/L

Respiratory (47 decks)

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