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Organic Chemistry > 3.1 Intro To Organic > Flashcards

3.1 Intro To Organic Flashcards

1
Q

What is empirical formula?

A

The smallest whole number ratio of atoms in a molecule

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2
Q

What is the definition of ‘saturated’?

A

There are no double bonds

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3
Q

What is a functional group?

A

The reacting part of the molecule

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4
Q

What is the skeletal formula?

A

Simplified organic formula which only shows the carbon skeleton and functional groupd

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5
Q

What takes precedence in naming over the number of carbon atoms?

A

The functional group (making it the lowest number)

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6
Q

What is the functional group of an alcohol?

A
  • OH
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7
Q

What is the functional group of an aldehyde?

A

COH

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8
Q

What is the functional group of a ketone?

A

CO

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9
Q

What are the prefix and suffix used for Ketones?

A

Prefix- Oxo-
Suffix- -one

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10
Q

What are the prefix and suffix of an Aldehyde?

A

Prefix- Formyl-
Suffix- -al

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11
Q

What is an isomer?

A

Molecules with the same molecular formula but different arrangement of atoms

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12
Q

What are the three structural isomers?

A

Chain,Positional and Functional

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13
Q

What is a positional isomer?

A

Location of the functional group changes

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14
Q

What is a functional group isomer?

A

The functional group is different

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15
Q

What is chain isomerism?

A

Length of chain changes/ usually adds methyl groups

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16
Q

What is a stereoisomer?

A

Two or more compounds that have the same structural formula but differ in arrangement of space

17
Q

What causes stereoisomers?

A

The double c=c bond means the molecule can’t rotate

18
Q

What is Z isomerism?

A

Both functional groups are above the double bond

19
Q

If functional groups are different how is the larger group decided?

A

Via atomic mass

20
Q

What is E isomerism?

A

Functional groups across the double bond

21
Q

What is the formula of atom economy?

A

% atom economy = relative mass of desired product / sum of relative formula masses of reactants. X 100

22
Q

What do curly arrows show?

A

The movement of a pair of electrons in a reaction mechanism

Organic Chemistry (17 decks)

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