lesson 17 psychopathology Flashcards
psychopathology
a physical illness that impairs normal mental processing
break the study of psychology down
experimental and clinical
clinical can be broken down into social, personality, cognitive, developmental, and abnormal
prevalence of psychopathology
1/4 to 1/3 people experience mental illness, is going up
increased prevalence of depression and suicide in american children, older people tend to be more happy
depression and anxiety more in women than men but men tend to be more successful in suicide because theyre more violent like gun vs women who use pills
etiology of psychopathology
diathesis stress model: two things need to cooccur
risk factor: more or less likely to have that outcome
stresses: events that take the risk factor from just a risk to an actual illness, disruption, or disorder
osteoporosis is the risk factor, event is fall that causes bone to break
3 cs of psychopathology
classification, cause, care
nosology, etiology, treatment
diathesis stress model
a person may be
predisposed to a psychological disorder that remains unexpressed until triggered by stress
The diathesis is the internal predisposition, and the stress is the external trigger
many risk factors are already in us: certain genes make us predisposed to things like cancer
diathesis stress model example
filling cups that have a preexisting level of water in them
one has more than another, so if i put rocks in both one will overflow faster
examples of diastheses (water)
genetic risk factor
unstable childhood
high alcohol consumption
poor sleep hygiene
low social support
examples of stresses (rocks)
death of a loved one
relationship breakup
relocation
loss of a job
bankruptcy
prolonged social isolation
nosology
the branch of medicine that deals with classification of diseases
how do people classify illnesses
dsm (diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders) to diagnose and classify diseases
the problem of classifying by symptom
we cant just order an mri to make sure it’s depression vs bipolar disorder
we cant be sure whether people who present with the same symptoms have the same underlying disorder (which is why it can be hard to diagnose autism)
anhedonia
loss of pleasure
mood disorders: depression and bipolar disorder
mental disorders that have mood disturbance as their predominant
feature and take two main forms
depression (unipolar)- a severely depressed mood and/or inability to experience pleasure that lasts 2 or more weeks and is accompanied by feelings of worthlessness, lethargy, and sleep and appetite disturbance
bipolar (multipolar)- a condition characterized by cycles of abnormal, persistent high mood (mania)
and low mood (depression). In the manic phase,
which must last at least 1 week to meet DSM requirements, mood can be elevated, expansive, or irritable. Other
prominent symptoms include grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, talkativeness, racing thoughts, distractibility,
and reckless behavior (such as compulsive gambling, sexual indiscretions, and unrestrained spending sprees).
Psychotic features such as hallucinations (erroneous perceptions) and delusions (erroneous beliefs) may be
present, so the disorder can be misdiagnosed as schizophrenia
anxiety disorders
feelings of nervousness and worry
generalized anxiety disorder
fear about future and basically everything, cant name a specific thing that causes fear
fear/worry about things that may happen
the class of mental disorders in which anxiety is the predominant feature. People commonly experience more than one type of anxiety disorder at a given time, and there is significant comorbidity between anxiety and depression
