1.10 - Philippines

Question 1

Which hazards are present in the Philippines?

Answer 1

Typhoons
Earthquakes
Volcanoes

Question 2

What are the names of the currents in whose path the Philippines lies in?

Answer 2

El Niño
La Niña

Question 3

What is El Niño?

Answer 3

• Is the warm phase of a cycle of warm and cold sea surface temperatures.
• dry weather
• wildfires are very likely

Question 4

What is La Niña?

Answer 4

• Is the cold phase of a cycle of warm and cold sea surface temperatures.
• wet weather
• heavy rainfall is common

Question 5

When is the monsoon season?

Answer 5

• May to Feb

Question 6

Which direction do the rain bearing winds come from?

Answer 6

• NE (Nov to Feb)
• SW (May to Oct)

Question 7

Where is Manila in the Philippines?

Answer 7

On the West coast

Question 8

How long does typhoon season last?

Answer 8

• June to December
• ≈20 per year
• 7-10 cause perceivable damage

Question 9

What risks do typhoons pose on their own?

Answer 9

• risk of flooding, landslides and storm surges at coasts
• saturation of hills can lead to mass movement of things on hills
• unstable when EQ hits

Question 10

Where does the Philippines rank on the World Risk Index?

Answer 10

3rd (2016)

Question 11

How many of the worlds top ten at risk cities are in the Phillipines?

Answer 11

8

Question 12

What proportion of the population are exposed to 2 or more hazards?

Answer 12

74%

Question 13

How many volcanoes are there?

Answer 13

37
18 are active

Question 14

What proportion of the Philippines lives in poverty?

Answer 14

25%

Question 15

How much of the rural population is in poverty and dependant on agriculture?

Answer 15

50%

Question 16

What is the population of the Philippines?

Answer 16

101 million
Increasing at 1.72% per year

Question 17

What sort of plate boundaries does the Philippines lie on?

Answer 17

• 2 major converging plates
• another conservative margin in middle
• E + W coast face Pacific Ocean
• can receive waves from other places on Pacific Ring of Fire

Question 18

What is it like in Philippino cities?

Answer 18

• Corruption is rife
• Rapid urbanisation has created unplanned settlements
• High population density

Question 19

When did Mt Pinatubo erupt?

Answer 19

• June 1991
• 2^nd largest eruption of 20th century
• coincided with Typhoon Yunya

Question 20

How strong was Typhoon Yunya?

Answer 20

• winds up to 120mph

Question 21

How much damage did Mt. Pinatubo cause?

Answer 21

• 73 000 homes damaged
• $211 million economic impact

Question 22

How violent was the eruption of Mt Pinatubo?

Answer 22

• significant amount of aerosols and dust projected into the atmosphere
  
  • created a sulphuric acid haze
  • blocked sunlight by 10%, reducing global temperatures by 0.4ºC

Question 23

What affect did Typhoon Yunya have?

Answer 23

• rainfall mixed with volcanic ash to create lahars
• moisture from typhoon mixed with ash clouds to create thick heavy blanket of ash
  
  • buried homes under it

Question 24

How many people died due to the eruption of Mt Pinatubo?

Answer 24

• 847

Question 25

When did Mt Mayon erupt?

Answer 25

• throughout 2006
  
  • relatively quiet eruptions
• coincided with Typhoon Durian in November

Question 26

How much rainfall did Typhoon Durian bring?

Answer 26

• 457mm in Albay province
• enough for widespread flooding in Legazpi City
  
  • main regional port

Question 27

What affect did Typhoon Durian have on the overall event?

Answer 27

• rainfall mixed with ash deposits and debris
• created mudflows and lahars
• buried farms and villages

Question 28

How many people died due to the eruption of Mt Mayon?

Answer 28

• 1 250 people

Question 29

How frequently does Mt Mayon erupt?

Answer 29

• 50 eruptions in past 500 years

Question 30

How is Mt Mayon important to the local economy?

Answer 30

• perfect cone shape is a tourist attraction
• major source of local income