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radiology > Gyne & Breast > Flashcards

Gyne & Breast Flashcards

1
Q

2 types of view in mammography :

A

Mediolateral oblique view ( MLO)
Craniocaudal view (CC)

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2
Q

Mammography benign breast mass
Describe:

A

Regular opacification with halo sign

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3
Q

Benign breast mass = BIRAD ..
Malignant breast mass = BIRAD ..

A

BIRAD 2 > Uss +- biopsy
BIRAD 5. > uss + biopsy

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4
Q

Signs of malignant breast mass
In mammography :

A

Speculation
More than 3 lobulation
Nipple retraction !!

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5
Q

Calicification on breast mammography
Can be :

A

Benign “ BIRAD2”or malignant “BIRAD 5”

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6
Q

Benign breast calcification on mammography
Shapes :

A

Lucent center
Egg shell
Pop corn
Cigar shaped “ rod like”
Vascular

> 5 mm

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7
Q

Malignant breast calcification
Appear in mammography as :

A

Microcalcification without lucent center

<5mm

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8
Q

Uss breast
An echoic mass with posterior acoustic enhancement
Dx :

A

Simple cyst
“ width> height , horizontal on the skin “
BIRAD 2

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9
Q

Cyst with echogenic band

A

Homorrhagic cyst
Benign cyst
Complex cyst

+ posterior enhancement

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10
Q

Hyperechoic cyst with posterior acoustic enhancement
On uss , Dx:

A

Breast abscess
BIRAD3

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11
Q

Uss
Fibroadenoma
Describe :

A

Hyperechoic mass with posterior central enhancement & 2 peripheral shadows “ !!”
BIRAD 3

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12
Q

Uss
Breast CA
Describe :

A

Irregular
Height > width “ vertical on skin “
+- shadow

BIRAD 5

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13
Q

Modalities can be used in pregnant lady :

A

TVUS
TAUS
MRI

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14
Q

Uses of uss in obstetrics

A

In normal pregnancy
- early pregnancy scan
- mid pregnancy scan “ anomaly scan”
-late pregnancy scan

In abnormal pregnancy

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15
Q

Uss
Gestational sac
Confirms ….
Seen at …….
Surrounded by ………………
Can be used for dating but has +- ..days

A

Intrauterine pregnancy
4.5 weeks
Descidual reaction
5 days

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16
Q

Yolk sac seen at ……..
differentiate between ………from ………..
Number of yolk sacs determines ……

A

5 weeks
True form psuedogestational sac

Number of embryos

17
Q

Developing embryo pole
Seen at … weeks
Heart beat is seen at CRL of ..mm vaginally

A

6 weeks vaginally

5 mm

18
Q

Ectopic pregnancy
Triad by uss

A

Empty uterus
Adnexal mass
Free fluid in Douglas pouch

19
Q

Empty ovum
No ….
Sac can be ….
Weak ……
If unsure repeat after 1 weeks

A

No yolk sac or fetal pole at sac diameter of 20 mm transvaginally

Irregular
Weak decidual reaction.

20
Q

Molar pregnancy
Uss :

A

Snow storm appearance “ echogenic mass with multiple cystic spaces “

  • very high Bhcg
  • theca leutin cyst in both ovaries
21
Q

Crown rump length
Measure from … to ….
Heart beat is seen at CRL of 5mm by TV scan equivalent to ….. weeks

A

From top of the head to rump

Most accuracy in pregnancy dating

6.2 weeks

22
Q

Uss at 3rd trimester
Check for fetal life
Positive cardiac activity

Fetal death
- absence of cardiac activity for at least …-…. Minutes
Ideally confirmed by …..

A

2-3 minutes

2 or more examiners

23
Q

Uss bladder
Bladder need to be …..

A

Full bladder

24
Q

Uss
Irregular echogenic mass extend from wall of bladder
Dx :
Next step :

A

Urinary bladder tumour
Cystoscopy with biopsy

25
Q

Best modality in urinary bladder tumour is ….

A

MRI

26
Q

Urinary bladder tumour
By Uss are appear as irrregular echogenic mass arise form wall of urinary bladder
Causing ….. in contrast Study

A

Filling defect !

CT axial pelvis with IV contrast

27
Q

Urinary bladder diverticulum
Characterized by …….

Causes :

Complication :

Pre diverticulum lesion = …….

A

Neck !

Distal obstruction
Can be congenital

Urine stasis = recurrent cystitis
Lead to stone formation
Cancer “ due to repetitive irritation by stone “

Trabeculation

28
Q

U.B diverticulum
Describe :

A

Cystogram
Secular Outpouching of the U.B with multiple trabeculations

Neck is very characteristic

29
Q

Nulliparous women should dilate at …. cm/hour, and multiparous women should dilate at …. cm/hour.

A

Nulliparous women should dilate at 1.2 cm/hour, and multiparous women should dilate at 1.5 cm/hour.

30
Q

Radiological features of malignant breast mass

A

Opacification with irregular margin , spiculated or ill defined , more than 3 lobulation

Nipple retraction

Skin thickening

Vertical on skin & may give shadowing on uss

radiology (8 decks)

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