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MSK 2 > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Eczema appears as

A

Spongiosis and may progress to a lichenified stage

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2
Q

Types of eczema

A

Atopic dermatitis
Allergic contact dermatitis
Irritant contact dermatitis
Stasis dermatitis

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3
Q

Features of AD

A

Dennie-Morgan folds
Allergic salute
Periorbital darkening
Keratosis pilaris
Xerosis
Pityriasis alba
Post inflammatory hypo/hyperpigmentation
Palmoplantar hyperlinearity

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4
Q

Intracellular edema in epidermis

A

Spongiotic dermatitis
Acute> subacute> chronic
Perivascular chronic inflammation +/- eosinophils

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5
Q
A

Spongiosis

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6
Q

Complications of AD

A
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7
Q

Allergic contact dermatitis is a Type _ reaction

A

4 delayed hypersensitivity

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8
Q

Irritant contact dermatitis symptoms

A

Burning and pain

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9
Q

Allergic contact dermatitis symptoms

A

Very itchy

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10
Q

Latex allergy

A

Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
Urticaria
Cross reactants: banana, avocado, chestnut, kiwi, passion fruits

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11
Q
A

Poison ivy/ poison oak

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12
Q

Patch testing is used for

A

Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions
RAST testing (IgE antibodies)
Prick testing

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13
Q
A

Stasis dermatitis (medial side) due to venous valvular insufficiency

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14
Q
A

Cellulitis
Bacterial infection of deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue
MSSA, MRSA, strep pyogenes

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15
Q

Papulosquamous disorders

A

Conditions characterized by erythema or viola cells coloration and scale
Well demarcated
(Psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, nummular dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, lichen planus, tinea corporis, secondary syphilis)

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16
Q
A

Psoriasis
Caused by genetic predisposition and environmental triggers

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17
Q

Other kinds of psoriasis

A
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18
Q
A

Psoriasis
Parakeratosis
Diminished granular layer
Thickening of epidermis

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19
Q
A

Psoriasis
Neutrophils in epidermis

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20
Q
A

Seborrheic dermatitis
Caused by Malassezia furfur
Associated with HIV, Parkinson’s disease, mood disorders
Yellow, flaky greasy scale

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21
Q
A

Lichen planus
Increased risk for SCC
May be associated with HCV
5 P’s (papules, purple, polygonal, puritic, peripheral)

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22
Q
A

Lichen planus
Dense band like lymphocytic infiltrate along dermoepidermal junction

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23
Q
A

Lichen planus

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24
Q
A

Pityriasis Rosea
Associated with HHV-6 and HHV-7
Begins as herald patch
Christmas tree distribution

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25
Q

Measles

A

Cephalocaudal spread
Koplik spots on buccal mucosa
Conjunctivitis, cough, congestion

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26
Q

Rubella

A

cephalocaudal spread
Red macules on soft pallet
Arthritis

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27
Q

Roseola

A

Rash starts as fever subsides
red macules on uvula/soft palate
High fever, febrile seizures

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28
Q
A

Pemphigus foliaceous
Autoantibody to desmoglein 1
Subcorneal
No mucosal involvement
Corn flake scale
Intraepidermal blister
Lacks tombstoning
+ immunoflourescence for IgG and C3

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29
Q
A

Pemphigus vulgaris
Autoantibody to desmoglein 1 and 3
Flaccid vesicles
+ nikolsky sign
Severe musosal involvement
+ immunoflourescence for IgG and C3
Tombstoning

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30
Q
A

Pemphigus vulgaris
Intraepidermal blister

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31
Q
A

Bullous pemphigois
Autoimmune blistering disease
BP180 and BP230
Tense bullae

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32
Q
A

Bullous pemphigoid
Sub-epidermal blister
Esinophil predominant
Linear IgG and C3 basement membrane staining

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33
Q
A

Dermatitis herpetiformis
Subepidermal blistering caused by gluten sensitivity
IgA antibodies to transglutaminase
Puritic papules on extensor surfaces

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34
Q
A

Dermatitis herpetiformis
Neutrophils collect in papillary dermis
IgA in basement membrane staining

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35
Q
A

Porphyria cutanea tarda
Subepidermal blister with no inflammatory infiltrate

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36
Q
A

Porphyria cutanea tarda
Subepidermal blister

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37
Q
A

Tinea versicolor
Spaghetti and meatballs

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38
Q
A

VZV
Nuclei with margination of chromatin

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39
Q
A

Molluscum contagiosum

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40
Q
A

Erythema multiforme
Drug eruption
HSV triggered
Targetoid or iris-like papules on palms, face, extremities
Vascular change

41
Q
A

SJS
Frequent medications
+ nikolisky sign

42
Q
A

Erythema multiforme

43
Q
A

Keratinocyte cell death
Detachment of epidermis from dermis

44
Q
A

Epidermoid cyst

45
Q
A

Pilar cyst

46
Q
A

Seborrheic keratosis

47
Q
A

Melanoma in situ

48
Q
A

Actinic Keratosis
Caused by UV
Erythematous macule/papule with gritty scale

49
Q
A

Actinic Keratosis
Hyperkeratosis
Elastic fiber damage

50
Q
A

Squamous cell carcinoma in situ
Erythematous/scaly macule/papule

51
Q
A

Squamous cell carcinoma in situ

52
Q
A

Invasive squamous cell carcinoma
Erythematous scaly papules and plaques

53
Q
A

Invasive squamous cell carcinoma

54
Q
A

Keratoacanthoma
Rapidly growing crateriform lesions
Non-aggressive

55
Q
A

Basal cell carcinoma
Pink pearly papule with rolled borders and broad telangiectasias
Mutated PTCH

56
Q
A

Nevoid basal call carcinoma syndrome
AD
PTCH
Multiple basal cell carcinomas, jaw cysts
Skin tags in children

57
Q
A

Xoderma pigmentosum
AR
XPA
NER caused skin cancer
Increased sensitivity to UV radiation

58
Q
A

Merkel Cell Carcinoma
Neuroendocrine carcinoma
San damaged skin
Merkel cell polyomavirus associated

59
Q
A

Poorly differentiated
Resembles small cell carcinoma of lung
Closely packed cells with scant cytoplasm
CK20+

60
Q

Skin adnexal tumors

A

Arise from cutaneous appendages (sweat glands, hair follicle, sebaceous glands

61
Q
A

Spiradenoma/cylindroma
Sweat gland neoplasms

62
Q
A

Cylindroma
Basaloid nests
Mutations in CYLD
Brooke-Speigler syndrome

63
Q
A

Tricheoepithelioma
Tumor of germinative hair follicle

64
Q
A

Trichilemmoma
Skin colored tumor originating from root sheath of hair follicle
Associated with Cowden syndrome (PTEN, 85% of women get breast cancer, colon polyps )

65
Q
A

Sebaceous adenoma and sebaceoma

66
Q
A

Sebaceous carcinoma
Non-description erythematous papules rapidly enlarge and ulcerate
Extra facial involvement associated with Muir-Torre syndrome (variant of lynch syndrome, AD mutation in MSH2)
Defects in DNA mismatch repair
Micro satellite instability

67
Q
A

Micro cystic Adnexal carcinoma
Locally aggressive
Erythematous, indurated plaque/papule commonly on perioral

68
Q
A

Dermatofriboma
On legs
Flesh colored, pink, hyperpigmented firm papulonodule
Associated with insect bites, nicks while shaving

69
Q
A

Dermatofibroma

70
Q
A

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
CD34+
T(17;22) COL1A1-PDGF beta

71
Q
A

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
Extensive infiltrates in dermis/subcutis

72
Q
A

Neurofibroma associated with Neurofibromatosis type 1
AD mutation in NF1

73
Q
A

Neurofibroma
bland spindle cells with wavy curvilinear nuclei
Some mast cells
Pale eosinophils

74
Q
A

Cherry angioma

75
Q
A

Infantile hemangioma

76
Q
A

Angiosarcoma
Post radiation after breast cancer

77
Q
A
78
Q
A

Mycosis Fungoides
CD4+ helper T cell
Sezary syndrome (blood involvement, severe puritis)

79
Q
A

Mycosis fungoides

80
Q
A

Solar Lentigo
Sun damage
Precursor of seborrheic keratoses
Darken with UV exposure
Melanoma in situ

81
Q
A

Lentigo simplex
Not induced or darkened by UV exposure

82
Q
A

Lentigo Simplex

83
Q

Melanocytic nevus

A

Caused by BRAF V600E or NRAS mutations
Can be various different types

84
Q
A

Congenital melanocytic nevus
NRAS mutation

85
Q
A
86
Q
A

Halo nevus

87
Q
A

Halo nevus

88
Q
A

Blue nevus
Mutations in GNAQ and GNA 11

89
Q
A

Blue nevus
Proliferation of dendritic melanocytes

90
Q
A

Spitz nevus
HRAS mutation

91
Q
A
92
Q
A

Pigmented spindle nevus
NTRK gene fusion

93
Q
A

Dysplasitic nevus
Sporadic nevus marked as markers of melanoma

94
Q
A

Actual Lentiginous melanoma
Common in darker skin

95
Q

Mucosal melanoma

A

Lips
Genitals

96
Q

Lentigo maligna

A

“Sunspots” that have been there forever

97
Q

Melanoma mutations

A

CDKN2A
BRAF NRAS
KIT
TERT
PTEN

98
Q

Melanoma growth phases

A

Radial- lateral extension along epidermis
Low risk of metastasis

Vertical- more invasive

99
Q

Breslow thickness

A

Used for prognosis

MSK 2 (6 decks)

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