Mechanical properties

Question 1

Ability of a material to withstand an applied load without failing 

Answer 1

Strength 

Question 2

The amount of stress, a material can withstand before it begins to take deform plastically.

Answer 2

Yield strength

Question 3

The strength necessary to resist failure under repeated cyclic loads. Example: 10 million cycles at 50 ksi

Answer 3

Fatigue strength 

Question 4

The ability of a material to deform or stretch under a load without failing. An increase in temperature increases ductility. A temperature decrease decreases ductility. Ductility and strength are weakest in the through thickness direction of a steel plate. Expressed in percent elongation or percent reduction of area.

Answer 4

Ductility

Question 5

Freedom from imperfections in the metal or weldment 

Answer 5

Soundness

Question 6

Ability of a material to resist, penetration or indentation. Hardness can be an approximation of tensile strength. 

Answer 6

Hardness 

Question 7

Ability of a material to absorb energy slowly without fracturing. A highly ductile material also has generally high toughness. 

Answer 7

Toughness 

Question 8

Ability of a material to absorb rapidly applied energy when a surface flow is present like a notch 

Answer 8

Notch toughness, impact strength

Question 9

The point at which a material changes from elastic to plastic

Answer 9

Yield point

Question 10

The ability of a material to resume it’s normal shape after being stretched.

Answer 10

Elasticity

Question 11

The maximum stress at which no failure will occur, no matter how many cycles the load is applied.

Answer 11

Endurance limit