Cardiovascular Drugs

Question 1

What are the two primary functions of the Cardiovascular system?

Answer 1

delivery of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide

Question 2

It is the amount of tension or stretch applied to the muscle before contraction or also known to be the force of venous return.

Answer 2

Preload

Question 3

It is the load against which the muscle exerts its force, or it is the pressure in the arteries that the left ventricle needs to overcome in order to eject blood.

Answer 3

Afterload

Question 4

It brings the blood back to the heart and acts as a reservoir for blood.

Answer 4

Veins

Question 5

When you multiply the cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) the product would be?

Answer 5

Blood Pressure

Question 6

These are drugs that accelerate the rate of urine formation which removes the sodium and water from the body, but you must be wary of hypokalemia or hyperkalemia when taking these drugs.

Answer 6

Diuretics or Water pills

Question 7

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors are chemical derivatives of? Which may cause cross allergy.

Answer 7

Sulfonamide antibiotics

Question 8

What is needed to make hydrogen ions for the exchange of sodium and water?

Answer 8

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

Question 9

This type of Diuretic drug increases the osmotic pull in the filtrate which produces a rapid diuresis.

Answer 9

Osmotic

Question 10

This type of Diuretic drug works in the distal convoluted tubule by inhibiting Na, K, and Cl leading to osmotic water loss, relaxation of arterioles which decrease load indicated for edema.

Answer 10

Thiazides

Question 11

Adrenergic drugs act on the brain by decreasing NE which means they are?

Answer 11

Central acting drugs

Question 12

Severe hypotension resulting in loss of consciousness that’s why patients are required to remain in a supine or sitting position after a few hours to prevent injury or fall.

Answer 12

First Dose Syncope

Question 13

It blocks the binding of Angiotensin II to its receptors and primarily affects the vascular smooth muscle and adrenal gland.

Answer 13

ACEI or Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Question 14

A drug also used for migraine headaches and severe dysmenorrhea, management of opioid, nicotine, and alcohol withdrawal. It is good in managing withdrawal effects like stabilizing BP and reducing tremors.

Answer 14

Clonidine

Question 15

Abrupt discontinuation should be avoided because it results in?

Answer 15

Rebound hypertension

Question 16

What are the dietary restrictions for management of hypertension?

Answer 16

Low-salt diet, low-fat diet

Question 17

When there is not enough oxygen for metabolism, anaerobic metabolism occurs which increases production of what substance that stimulates the pain receptors.

Answer 17

Lactic Acid

Question 18

It is used to treat mainstay prophylaxis and angina or chest pain.

Answer 18

Nitrates and Nitrites

Question 19

Type of drug most effective for the treatment of exertional angina or chronic stable angina.

Answer 19

Beta-blockers

Question 20

A type of angina where it is characterized by spasms of the smooth muscles and occurs even at rest without any triggers, with unknown etiology.

Answer 20

Vasospastic Angina