L 13 & 14 - Spinal Cord

Question 1

Posterior cord syndrome

Question 2

Corticospinal tract

Answer 2

Motor tract (down):
Cortex - contralateral
Midbrain - cerebral peduncle
*Medulla - pyramidal decussation (cross) to pyr. tract
Spine - corticospinal to ventral root (ipsalateral)

Question 3

Touch and pressure neuro pathways

Answer 3

Sensory tract (up):
Spine - ipsalateral dorsal columns (1 of 2)
*Medulla (cross to medial leminiscus)
Cortex - synapse in thalamus

Question 4

Propreoception neuro pathways

Answer 4

Sensory tract (up):
Spine - dorsal columns (ipsalateral)
to Cerebellum (through spinocerebellar tract)
*Medulla (cross to medial leminiscus)
Cortex - synapse at thalamus

Question 5

Nociception and temperature neuro pathways

Answer 5

Sensory tract (up):
*Spine - cross dorsal horn to spinothalamic tract !every level
Medulla + Pons (synapse at reticular formation)
Midbrain - periaqueductal grey matter
Cortex - synapse at thalamus

Question 6

white matter label

Answer 6

• fasciculus gracilis
• fascisulus cuneatus
• corticospinal tract
• lateral spinothalamic
• medial leminiscus

Question 7

what does it when when a neural pathway crosses

Answer 7

‘changes’ sides of the body, injuries above cross will be contralateral, below cross will be ipsalateral

Question 8

intervertebral discs are composed of

Answer 8

annulus fibrosis (outer), nucleus pulposus (inner)

Question 9

upper vs lower motor neurons location

Answer 9

upper - in spinal cord and brain
lower - outside spinal cord

Question 10

types of paralysis

Answer 10

spastic - tense muscle - UMN
flaccid - relaxed muscle - LMN

Question 11

signs of motor neuron lesions

Answer 11

weakness - U and L
atrophy - L
reflexes and muscle tone - increased for U, decreased for L
fasciculations (small muscle twitch) - L
clonus (large muscle twitch) - U
babinski sign (+ toes up, - toes down) - U

Question 12

Paresis

Answer 12

muscle weakness caused by lesion in a plexus, innervation not fully lost