Exam 4

Question 1

What are the levels of anxiety and their characteristics?

Answer 1

mild: heightened perceptions, focus is flexible, can work towards goals, solve problems, feelings of: discomfort, attention-seeking, restless, easily startles, irritable, impatient, uses tension-relieving behavior

moderate: narrowed perceptions, focus is on source of anxiety, less optimal problem-solving ability, voice shakes, poor concentration, trembling, somatic symptoms, increased pulse and RR, muscle tension, pacing

severe: distorted perceptions, focuses on specific worrisome details, feels impossible to solve problems, dread, confusion, purposeless, intense somatic symptoms, sweating, withdrawal, loud rapid speech, threats and demands

panic: can’t attend to environment, unablee to process or focus, irrational thoughts, terror, immobility, flight, hyperactivity, more somatic symptoms, severe withdrawal, hallucinations or delusions, out of touch with reality

Question 2

What are the pharmacotherapies for anxiety and example and usage?

Answer 2

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: first-line treatment, paxil: generalized anxiety disorder

serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors: effexor: mixed anxiety/depression, anxiety, and nerve pain

noradrenergic: propranolol: short term relief of social anxiety and performance anxiety; clonidine: anxiety disorders, panic attacks

benzodiazepines: xanax: short term to treat panic disorder and agorophobia

buspirone: reduce symptoms of GAD in 1-2 weeks with limited misuse potential

Question 3

What are the pharmacological therapies for OCD and example? Which ones specifically for children?

Answer 3

SSRI: prozac
fluvoxamine
tricyclic: clomipramine

prozac
luvox
zoloft
anafranil