Henry VII - Royal Finance and domestic policies

Question 1

What were Henry’s aims towards finances

Answer 1

1. Achieve solvency by increasing royal income, decrease expenditure and restore the Crown’s financial strength

Question 2

Why was Henry’s financial administration so ruthlessly efficient

Answer 2

Because he didnt feel secure unless he was rich

Question 3

What could Henry use his wealth to do

Answer 3

1. Reward loyal service - incentive for people to serve him well
2. Bribe potential opponents
3. Fund armies
4. Consolidate the dynasty. A full treasury would provide his heir with the resources to fight to retain the throne

Question 4

What is ordinary revenue and what are the examples

Answer 4

It was regular income on which the crown could rely to finance the costs of the monarchy

1. Crown lands
2. Custom duties
3. Feudal duties
4. Legal system

Question 5

How much did Crown lands increase from 1485 to 1509

Answer 5

From £29,000 to £42,000

Question 6

How much did custom duties increase from 1485 to 1509

Answer 6

From £33,000 to £40,000

Question 7

How much did Feudal dues increase from 1485 to 1509

Answer 7

From £350 to £6,000

Question 8

What was extraordinary revenue and what examples of it are there

Answer 8

Money that came to the crown on occasions and with no regularity

1. Bonds and recognisances
2. Clerical taxes
3. Feudal obligations
4. French pension
5. loans and benevolences
6. Parliamentary grants

Question 9

What is a bond and recognisance

Answer 9

The practice of subjects paying a sum of money to the crown as a guarantee of their future good behaviour

Question 10

What are clerical taxes

Answer 10

Grants made by ruling council of the church

Question 11

What are feudal obligations

Answer 11

The right to levy obligations such as distraint of knighthood, or to demand payment for special occasions, such as the marriage of his eldest daughter

Question 12

What is the french pension

Answer 12

Under the Treaty of Etaples 1492 the King of France promised to pay Henry an annual pension of £5000

Question 13

What are loans and benevolences

Answer 13

Requests made to his landholding subjects for financial support that were impossible to declnine

Question 14

What were parliamentary grants

Answer 14

Grants by means ot axes on moveable property

These helped pay for the Battle of Stoke

Question 15

What other domestic policies did Henry’s financial administration underpin

Answer 15

1. controlling the nobility
2. co-operating with the church
3. Maintaining law and order

Question 16

What was henrys domestic policy of controlling the nobility

Answer 16

Controlling the nobility by issuing attainders, curbing retaining and rewarding loyal service

Question 17

What was henrys domestic policy of co-operating with the church

Answer 17

Henry offered the church his patronage and protection and it publicly upheld his god-given right to rule. The head of the church, the pope, supported henry

Question 18

What was henrys domestic policy of maintaining law and order

Answer 18

Agents of central government like jps and sheriffs, supported by trusted noble governors working through regional councils, brought the kingdom under control