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Oncology-Hematology > Colo-Rectal cancer > Flashcards

Colo-Rectal cancer Flashcards

1
Q

How much of the colon cancers are hereditary ?

A

5-10%

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2
Q

Clinical presentation of colon cancer based on location of the lesion

Sigmoid-Rectal

70% of cases

A
  1. Blood in feces
  2. Tenesmus / difficulty in evacuation
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3
Q

Clinical presentation of colon cancer based on location of the lesion

Descending colon

A
  1. Blood in feces
  2. Tenesmus / difficulty in evacuation

same as sigmoid-colon

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4
Q

Clinical presentation of colon cancer based on location of the lesion

Transverse Colon

A

Aspecific symptoms: Tiredness, Anorexy, Blood in feces, And anemia.

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5
Q

Clinical presentation of colon cancer based on location of the lesion

Ascending Colon

A

Aspecific symptoms and pain in the inferior quadrants of the abdomen.

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6
Q

What is the most common metastasis of colon cancer ?

A

Liver (Through the portal vein)

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7
Q

What is the most common metastasis of rectal cancer ?

A

Lungs (Through vena cava)

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8
Q

what is the first exam to perform in case of blood in feces?

A

Digital exploration

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9
Q

Gold standard exam for colo-rectal cancer ?

A

Colonoscopy

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10
Q

When do we use trans-rectal ultrasound ?

A

To visualize invasion to the rectal wall

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11
Q

When do we use external abdominal US ?

A

To verify the presence of hepatic metastasis

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12
Q

What tumor marker can we use in the follow-up of colon cancer?

A

Serum CEA

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13
Q

What is the most used chemotherapeutic drug in colorectal cancer ?

A

5-FU

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14
Q

What type of drug is Capecitabin ?

A

Pro-drug of 5-FU

This enzyme is more active in the neoplastic tissues than those normal

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15
Q

To which family of drugs does Irinotecan belongs to ?

A

Topoisomerase I inhibitors

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16
Q

Polychemiotherapeutic regimes

FOLFOX

A

FOLIC ACID + 5-FU + OXALOPLATIN

17
Q

Polychemiotherapeutic regimes

FOLFIRI

A

FOLIC ACID + 5-FU + IRINOTECAN

18
Q

Polychemiotherapeutic regimes

FOLFOXIRI

A

FOLFOX + IRINOTECAN

19
Q

What is the benefit of adding Anti-VEGF to chemothrapeutic regimes of colon cancer ?

A

It increases progression-free survival and overall survival compared with chemotherapy alone.

20
Q

What is the target of Cetuximab and Panitumumab ?

A

EGFR inhibitors

21
Q

cetuximab and Panitumumab are limited to a specific type of colo-rectal cancer, which is ?

A

Wild type for K-Ras and N-Ras

22
Q

what is the target of Bevacizumab ?

A

VEGF

has to be given with chemo, that way it prolongs survivability

23
Q

TKI for colo-rectal cancer ?

A

Regorafenib

It’s a multi target TKI

Oncology-Hematology (11 decks)

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