chapters 7-9

Question 1

social inequality

Answer 1

unequal distribution of wealth, power, and prestige

Question 2

intersectionality

Answer 2

multiple dimensions of status and inequality intersect to shape who we are and how we live

Question 3

Upper class

Answer 3

1%

Question 4

middle class

Answer 4

30%, white collar, broad range of education and salaries

Question 5

white collar

Answer 5

lower-level professional and management workers and some highly skilled laborers in technical jobs

Question 6

Working class/lower middle class

Answer 6

30%, no college degree, blue collar

Question 7

blue collar

Answer 7

skilled and semiskilled workers, manual labor, work in service or clerical jobs

Question 8

working poor

Answer 8

13% poorly educated, manual and service workers, near or bewlow poverty line

Question 9

working poor

Answer 9

13% poorly educated, manual and service workers, near or below poverty line

Question 10

Underclass

Answer 10

12%, poorest group, experiencing homelessness, or who are chronically unemployed

Question 11

Weberian Theory

Answer 11

Wealth, Prestige, owning the means of production was not the only way of achieving upper-class status; a person could also accumulate wealth consisting of income and property.

Question 12

social reproduction

Answer 12

social class is passed down from one generation to the next and thus remains relatively stable

Question 13

cultural capital

Answer 13

the tastes, habits, expectations, skills, knowledge, and other cultural assets that help us gain advantages in society

Question 14

Homogamy

Answer 14

people marry people with similar class, race, education, religion etc

Question 15

heterogamy

Answer 15

marrying someone who is different from us

Question 16

Hypergamy

Answer 16

marrying up

Question 17

Hypogamy

Answer 17

marrying down

Question 18

therapeutic policing

Answer 18

arrests and ticketing for minor offenses like jaywalking and loitering as leverage to push homeless individuals into shelters or rehabilitation programs

Question 19

Intergenerational mobility

Answer 19

movement that occurs from one generation to the next, when a child eventually moves into a different social class

Question 20

Intragenerational mobility

Answer 20

the movement that occurs during the course of an individual’s lifetime

Question 21

Relative Deprivation

Answer 21

comparative measure, whereby people are considered impoverished if their standard of living is lower than that of other members of society

Question 22

Absolute Deprivation

Answer 22

a measure whereby people are unable to meet minimal page195standards for food, shelter, clothing, and health care

Question 23

culture of poverty

Answer 23

a way of life that was qualitatively different from that of middle-class groups to allow them to cope with the dire circumstance of poverty

Question 24

just-world hypothesis

Answer 24

we have a strong need to believe that the world is orderly, predictable, and fair in order to achieve our goals in life

Question 25

simplicity movement

Answer 25

rejects rampant consumerism and seeks to reverse some of its consequences for the individual, for society, and for the planet

Question 26

miscegenation

Answer 26

the romantic, sexual, or marital relationships between people of different races

Question 27

embodied identity

Answer 27

(the way we are perceived in the physical world

Question 28

Pluralism

Answer 28

encourages people to embrace diversity as a positive feature of a society

Question 29

Essentialists

Answer 29

see gender as immutable and biological and as an unambiguous, two-category system

Question 30

gender binary

Answer 30

this system classifies gender into two distinct, opposite, and separate categories

Question 31

constructionist

Answer 31

gender as a social construction

Question 32

expressive role

Answer 32

providing emotional support and nurturing