General Concepts

Question 1

Availability Zones

Answer 1

Consist of one or more discrete data centers, each with redundant power, networking, and connectivity, housed in separate facilities.

Question 2

Compute

Answer 2

A generic term used to reference processing power, memory, networking, storage, and other resources required for the computational success of any program.

Question 3

IaaS

Answer 3

Infrastructure as a Service

*contains the basic building blocks for cloud IT

*typically provides access to networking features, computers (virtual or on dedicated hardware), and data storage space.

Question 4

PaaS

Answer 4

Platform as a Service (PaaS) removes the need for you to manage the underlying infrastructure like hardware and operating systems.

This allows you to focus on the deployment and management of your applications.

Question 5

SaaS

Answer 5

Software as a Service- a completed product that is run and managed by the service provider. In most cases, people referring to SaaS are referring to end-user applications.

With a SaaS offering you don’t maintain the service or manage the infrastructure; you only need to think about how you will use that piece of software.

A common example of a SaaS application is web-based email which you can use to send and receive email without having to manage feature additions to the email product or maintain the servers and operating systems that the email program is running on.

Question 6

AWS API

Answer 6

AWS Application Programming Interface (AWS API).

An API call is how you create, delete, or change any AWS resource.

You can make these API calls in several ways. Some are:

   *AWS Management Console
   *AWS Command Line Interface (CLI)
   *IDE and IDE toolkits
   *AWS Software Development Kits (SDKs)

Question 7

AWS CLI

Answer 7

An open source tool to create and configure AWS services using commands in your command-line shell. (Command Line Interface). Contrast this to using the AWS Management Console, which is where most people begin.

Question 8

AWS CloudShell

Answer 8

A browser-based shell that provides command-line access to AWS resources

Question 9

IDE and IDE Toolkits

Answer 9

AWS offers support for popular Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) and IDE toolkits so you can author, debug, and deploy your code on AWS from within your preferred environment.

Supported IDEs and toolkits include AWS Cloud9, IntelliJ, PyCharm, Visual Studio, Visual Studio Code, Azure DevOps, Rider, and WebStorm.

Question 10

SDK

Answer 10

Software Development Kits (SDKs) are tools that allow you to interact with the AWS API programmatically.

SDKs help when you want to integrate your application source code with AWS services. For example, you might use the Python SDK to write code to store files in Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) instead of on your local hard drive.

AWS creates and maintains SDKs for most popular programming languages like Java, JavaScript, PHP, C++, .Net, Python, Ruby, and Go

Question 11

IaC

Answer 11

Infrastructure as Code- like software developers writes application code, AWS provides services that enable the creation, deployment, and maintenance of infrastructure in a programmatic, descriptive, and declarative way.

Let’s you automate?

Question 12

AWS CDK

Answer 12

AWS Cloud Development Kit (AWS CDK) is a software development framework for defining cloud infrastructure in code and provisioning it through AWS CloudFormation.

The AWS CDK supports familiar programming languages, such as TypeScript, JavaScript, Python, Java, C#/.Net, and Go

Question 13

AWS CloudFormation

Answer 13

CloudFormation helps you model and set up your AWS resources.

You create a template that describes all the AWS resources that you want (like Amazon EC2 instances or Amazon RDS DB instances). Once you create the template, CloudFormation takes care of provisioning and configuring those resources for you. You don’t need to individually create and configure AWS resources and figure out what’s dependent on what;

Question 14

Provisioning

Answer 14

Provisioning is the process of setting up IT infrastructure. including the steps required to manage access to data and resources, and make them available to users and systems.

Provisioning is not the same thing as configuration, but they are both steps in the deployment process.

Question 15

Kubernetes

Answer 15

Kubernetes is open source software that allows you to deploy and manage containerized Applications at scale.

It manages clusters of Amazon EC2 Compute instances and runs Containers on those instances with processes for deployment, maintenance, and scaling.

Using Kubernetes, you can run any type of containerized Applications using the same toolset on-premises and in the cloud.

Question 16

Six pillars of the AWS Well-Architected Framework

Answer 16

*operational excellence
*security
*reliability
*performance efficiency
*cost optimization
*sustainability

The AWS Well-Architected Tool, available at no charge in the AWS Management Console, provides a mechanism for regularly evaluating workloads, identifying high-risk issues, and recording improvements.

Question 17

AWS Shared Responsibility Model

Answer 17

AWS’ responsibility is security “of” the cloud compared to the customer’s responsibility of security “in” the cloud

Question 18

What does “security OF the cloud” mean and whose responsibility is it?

Answer 18

AWS protects and secures the infrastructure that runs the services offered in the AWS Cloud. AWS is responsible for:

*Protecting and securing AWS Regions, Availability Zones, and data centers, down to the physical security of the buildings

*Managing the hardware, software, and networking components that run AWS services, such as the physical servers, host operating systems, virtualization layers, and AWS networking components.

Question 19

What does “security IN the cloud” mean and whose responsibility is it?

Answer 19

It’s the customer’s responsibility. The specifics depend on the AWS service. Some services require you to perform all the necessary security configuration and management tasks, while other more abstracted services require you to only manage the data and control access to your resources.

A key concept is that customers maintain complete control of their data and are responsible for managing the security related to their content.

Question 20

Edge computing

Answer 20

Edge computing is the process of bringing information storage and computing abilities closer to the devices that produce that information and the users who consume it.

Traditionally, applications have transmitted data from smart devices to a central data center for processing. However, the unprecedented complexity and scale of data have outpaced network capabilities.

By shifting processing capabilities closer to users and devices, edge computing systems significantly improve application performance, reduce bandwidth requirements, and give faster real-time insights.

Question 21

Cloud computing

Answer 21

Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of IT resources over the Internet with pay-as-you-go pricing.

Instead of buying, owning, and maintaining physical data centers and servers, you can access technology services, such as computing power, storage, and databases, on an as-needed basis from a cloud provider like Amazon Web Services (AWS).

Question 22

CSP

Answer 22

Cloud Service Provider

Question 23

Which AWS service is the most used?

Answer 23

EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)

Question 24

Architecture

Answer 24

How the cloud services are chained together and structured (my own definition)

Question 25

GCP

Answer 25

Google Cloud Platform

Question 26

Control plane

Answer 26

a control plane provides management and orchestration across an organization’s cloud environment.

Question 27

VPS

Answer 27

Virtual Private Server