1.2.4 Animal Adaptations (Cold Environment)

Question 1

Polar animals (2p)

Answer 1

Polar bears
Arctic foxes

Question 2

Polar bear adaptations (8p)

Answer 2

Fur on soles of feet
Large body
Large feet
Sharp teeth and claws
Small ears
Strong legs
Thick layer of blubber
Thick white fur

Question 3

Fur on soles of feet (2p)

Answer 3

Better grip on ice
For insulation

Question 4

Large body (2p)

Answer 4

• Small surface area to volume ratio
• Reduces heat loss

Question 5

Large feet

Answer 5

Spreads weight on snow and ice

Question 6

Small ears

Answer 6

Reduce heat loss

Question 7

Strong legs (2p)

Answer 7

• For swimming and running
• Helps them to catch prey

Question 8

Thick layers of blubber (2p)

Answer 8

• Insulation
• Store of energy in the winter

Question 9

Thick layer of white fur (2p)

Answer 9

• Insulation
• Camouflage

Question 10

Arctic fox adaptations (3p)

Answer 10

• Fur on soles of feet
• Fur on tail
• Thick camouflage seasonal

Question 11

Fur on tail

Answer 11

Provides extra insulation

Question 12

Thick camouflaged seasonal fur (2p)

Answer 12

-Summer coat is thin and grey/brown to camouflage against background of rocks and vegetation
-Winter coat is thick and white to camouflage against frozen background

Question 13

Tundra animals (2p)

Answer 13

Caribou
Tundra Arctic hare (snowshoe)

Question 14

Caribou adaptations (5p)

Answer 14

• Compact stocky body with short tail and ears
  -Skinny legs
• Noses with special chambers
• Double coat
• Split hooves

Question 15

Compact stocky body with a short tail and ears

Answer 15

To avoid losing body heat

Question 16

Skinny legs

Answer 16

Arteries and veins run side by side so arterial blood heats up blood from veins

Question 17

Nose with special chambers

Answer 17

Holds heat and moisture

Question 18

Double coat

Answer 18

They layers hold air and keep them dry

Question 19

Split hooves (2p)

Answer 19

• So their weight can be distributed so they don’t sink in snow
• Also acts as paddles to swim

Question 20

Tundra arctic hare adaptations (snowshoe) (4p)

Answer 20

• Fur changes colour
• More fur on larger toes
• Long front claws
• Can reach speed of 64km per hour

Question 21

Fur changes colour (2p)

Answer 21

• White in winter to blend in with snow
• Brown/grey in summer to blend in with surroundings

Question 22

More fur on larger toes

Answer 22

• Provides additional surface area and support for walking on snow

Question 23

Long front claws

Answer 23

Used for digging hard packed snow

Question 24

Can reach speeds of 64km per hour

Answer 24

To run away from predators