Final Review Questions

Question 1

What effects has climate change had on the land

Answer 1

Rainfall
Droughts
Temperature
Storms
Wildfires

Question 2

What impact has climate change had on the oceans

Answer 2

Rising sea levels
Ocean acidification
Death of coral reefs
Warmer temperatures- melt sea ice, mess with delicate ecosystems- animal deaths

Question 3

How have zoos changed over time

Answer 3

More conservation focused
More focus on public education
More naturalistic enclosures, prioritizing animal welfare
Less wild capture
Less private owned to more public

Question 4

What was the first species of animal bred in a US zoo and released into the wild

Answer 4

American bison

Question 5

What does AZA stand for and what does it do

Answer 5

Association of Zoos and Aquariums
Prioritizes collaboration of accredited zoos to improve animal welfare
Creates species survival plans
Higher standards of accreditation than those of USDA
SAFE, reproductive managment groups, etc
Website: the advancement of zoos and aquariums in the areas of conservation, education, science, and recreation

Question 6

What is a studbook

Answer 6

Record of a specific animal species- allows other zoos to keep track of pedigree of a particular species (breeding/ancestors)

Question 7

What does SSP stand for and what does it do

Answer 7

Species Survival Plan. A plan that takes specific species and breeds them to keep the species going. Not only for endangered species. Will not take animals from the wild as much as possible so often breeds inbetween zoos to try to build up a sustainable population

Question 8

What is population management and why do we do it

Answer 8

Monitoring population numbers and trying to keep them stable with proper genetic diversity. Preserve genetic diversity. Keep as many of the genes in the current population going forward. We do it to preserve species

Question 9

What is inbreeding

Answer 9

breeding close relatives

Question 10

What is mean kinship

Answer 10

Individual animals’ relatedness to the rest of the population. How much you are related to everybody else. Maximizes diversity, case method of managing inbreeding

Question 11

What are some considerations that we as consumers should take into account when buying stuff

Answer 11

What materials are they made from, how are they made, sustainable land use, organic or not, packaging, recyclable, reusable, transportation of the product…

Question 12

Why should we recycle cellphones

Answer 12

Coltan mining causes habitat loss

Question 13

Whats the deal with coffee

Answer 13

Better to shop for shade grown coffee because more sustainably grown and interspersed into a rainforest strategically instead of deforesting to make room for sun grown coffee. Having sustainable coffee helps migratory birds

Question 14

Where is most coffee grown

Answer 14

Central/South America, Ethiopia, Sumatra, tropical environment

Question 15

What kinds of birds are in same area as where coffee is grown

Answer 15

migratory bird

Question 16

Why would migratory birds move to a colder area

Answer 16

Better food, resources, nesting

Question 17

What is good and what is bad about palm oil

Answer 17

Bad- Causes deforestation/habitat fragmentation
Good- extremely high yield oil for the plant and creates jobs. Less often hydrogenated= less fats

Question 18

What kinds of species are heavily impacted by palm oil cultivation

Answer 18

Great apes, chimpanzees, orangutans

Question 19

What defines an introduced species

Answer 19

A species that was brought into an area where it didn’t naturally evolve from

Question 20

What defines an invasive species

Answer 20

One that competes with the native animals and can be detrimental to the area. Usually not intentionally introduced. Could be stowaways on ships/other transportation. Lack of natural predators, diseases. Can be intentional

Question 21

What are some invasive species in Hawaii

Answer 21

Chickens, wild pigs, fallow deer, cats, mongoose- brought in for sugar cane fields to eat rats but were nocturnal so did not eat them. birds, mosquitos- a problem because bring in disease. Malaria. Avian

Question 22

What are some introduced species that turned out not to be harmful

Answer 22

Red crowned parrot- did not compete with native species because eat different things, nest different places, etc. And honeybees- European species initially. Now hybridized with African honeybee. Not an issue because they are pollinators

Question 23

What is the biggest conservation issue for native songbirds in Asia

Answer 23

One of the largest animal trades there. Taking them from wild and selling them in markets, bad environment, dying. Social status of owning a bird- high demand

Question 24

How does Indonesia compare to the UK population and landwise

Answer 24

More people less land. Indonesia is a biodiversity hotspot- more species than UK. Dense population and dense wildlife population

Question 25

What is the most trafficked animal

Answer 25

Pangolin

Question 26

What are some of the reasons why rehabilitating a Borneo animal and releasing it on Sumatra could be a problem?

Answer 26

Certain species release has to be on native island- wrong island can cause more damage. Possible habituation to humans. Some deemed unreleasable due to injuries. Government, bribing, etc. Territorial tendencies. Sub species- do not mix sub species- hybrids

Question 27

What is bushmeat

Answer 27

Diseases come from people eating varieties of animals from the wild. Zoonotic. Tropical regions/ Africa/ South America/ Asia. Ebola came from bats-bushmeat in Africa. Nigeria- more common in poorer communities because people need sustenance, and can sell bushmeat for money. Also tied to mining and logging. Inexpensive food source for workers. Miner market for exotic meats

Question 28

What is canned hunting

Answer 28

Breeding of non-domestic animals in different enclosure sizes where they are killed off. (contained hunting). Africa- lions. US- ungulates, deer, antelopes, pigs

Question 29

Is hunting ever good for a species

Answer 29

Yes. Hunting excess populations keep them from stripping resources. Sponsored trophy hunting raises money that goes into conservation. Hunting can be good for CA condors as long as we use non toxic ammunition. Provides food for scavengers. Hunting that is regulated- helps to keep people from overhunting and keeping populations in check. Hunting of harmful invasive species- such as wild boar.

Question 30

What is the biggest threat to our local mountain lions

Answer 30

Habitat loss/fragmentation

Question 31

3 methods of restoring extinct species and which is the only one that would include the whole original species genome

Answer 31

Selective breeding
Cloning
Synthesis via genome testing

Cloning because literally taking entire genome from existing cell and putting that into an embryo of another species in order to create that animal