Valence Bond Theory

Question 1

What is valence bond theory?

Answer 1

covalent bonds are formed from the overlap of atomic orbitals on adjacent atoms, each usually having one electron

Question 2

What are hybrid orbitals?

Answer 2

mathematical combination of several standard orbitals

Question 2

What are hybrid orbitals?

Answer 2

mathematical combination of several standard orbitals

Question 3

How does a bonded electron pair occur?

Answer 3

half filled orbitals on each atom overlap

Question 4

What equals the number of hybrid orbitals generated?

Answer 4

the number of atomic orbitals mathematically combined

Question 5

What orbitals are combined for sp3? How many sp3 orbitals does this make?

Answer 5

one s orbital and three p orbitals, 4 sp4 orbitals

Question 6

If a molecule is predicted to have tetrahedral geometry what is the hyrbidization that explains it? What are the bond angles for these hybrid orbital?

Answer 6

sp3

all 109.5

Question 7

How do we draw sp3 orbitals?

Answer 7

like p orbital with one really small lobe, small lobe is ignored when drawing

Question 8

What are sigma bonds? Are they able to rotate freely?

Answer 8

bond formed in end-end bonding, when the orbitals directly overlap, they can rotate freely

Question 9

What type of bond are single bonds?

Answer 9

sigma bonds

Question 10

What orbitals are combined for sp2? How many sp2 orbitals does this make? What happens to the other p orbital?

Answer 10

one s orbital and two p orbitals, this makes three sp2 orbitals, leftover and is unhybridized

Question 11

If a molecule is predicted to have trigonal planar geometry what is the hybridization that explains it? What are the bond angles for these hybrid orbitals?

Answer 11

sp2

all 120

Question 12

What are pi bonds?

Answer 12

made of two unhybridized p orbitals that have side-side overlap, half the bond is above the atoms and half is below