2 Bonding 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What charge do electrons have?

A

-1

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2
Q

What charge will an ion of lithium take?

A

1+ (one electron in the outer shell, needs to lose it)

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3
Q

What charge will an ion of beryllium take?

A

2+ (two electrons in the outer shell, needs to lose them both)

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4
Q

What charge will an ion of barium take?

A

2+ (group 2 so two electrons in the outer shell, needs to lose them both)

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5
Q

What charge will an ion of fluorine take?

A

1- (7 electrons in the outer shell, needs to gain one)

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6
Q

If something has gained electrons, what charge will it have?

A

Negative

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7
Q

If something has lost electrons, what charge will it have?

A

Positive (because electrons have a negative charge so they have lost a negative!)

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8
Q

What charge will an ion of oxygen take?

A

2- (6 electrons in outer shell so needs to gain two)

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9
Q

What charge will an ion of Selenium take?

A

2- (group 6, so has 6 electrons in the outer shell and needs to gain two)

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10
Q

Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when lithium bonds with chlorine

A

One electron transferred from lithium to chlorine

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11
Q

Why do atoms transfer electrons in ionic bonding?

A

So that they can have full outer shells

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12
Q

Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when lithium bonds with fluorine

A

One electron transferred from lithium to fluorine. Lithium gains a +1 charge and the fluorine gains a -1 charge to become a fluoride ion.

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13
Q

Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when magnesium bonds with oxygen

A

Two electrons transferred from magnesium to oxygen. Magnesium gains a 2+ charge and Oxygen gains a 2- charge.

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14
Q

Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when beryllium bonds with oxygen (3 marks)

A

Two electrons transferred from beryllium to oxygen. Be gains a 2+ charge and oxygen gains a 2- charge.

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15
Q

Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when magnesium bonds with chlorine

A

Magnesium loses 2 electrons and gains a 2+ charge. Each electron is transferred to a different chlorine atom, so both chlorine atoms gain 1 electron, each gaining a -1 charge.

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16
Q

Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when sodium bonds with oxygen

A

Two electrons transferred to one oxygen atom from two different sodium atoms. Oxygen gains a 2- charge and each of the 2 sodium atoms gain a 1+ charge.

17
Q

Why do sodium ions and chloride ions form an ionic bond?

A

There is an electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions. Sodium ions have a +1 charge and chloride ions have a -1 charge.

18
Q

Why don’t sulphur ions and oxygen ions form ionic bonds with each other?

A

Both have negative charges so would repel

19
Q

What is the name for a substance made of billions of oppositely charged ions joined together?

A

Giant ionic lattice

20
Q

Define giant ionic lattice

A

A huge 3D network of ions