Bonus

Question 1

What female gonadal syndrome is the most common manifestation of a pituitary adenoma?

Answer 1

PCOS

Question 2

What are two potential clinical signs of a ligated ureter?

Answer 2

flank pain and elevated creatinine levels

Question 3

In addition to the dorsal penile nerves, what also provides innervation of the penile frenulum?

Answer 3

the perineal nerve

Question 4

A pheochromocytoma is a tumor composed of what cell type?

Answer 4

adrenal chromaffin cells

Question 5

What are some clinical manifestations of a pheochromocytoma?

Answer 5

episodic headache, anxiety, palpitations, and hypertension

Question 6

Which antibody type can opsonize pathogens?

Answer 6

IgG antibodies

Question 7

What type of antibody cannot be made by memory B cells?

Answer 7

IgM

Question 8

What are the ventral flexures of the developing brain/spinal cord?

Answer 8

the cephalic and cervical flexures

Question 9

What are the dorsal flexures of the dveloping brain/spinal cord?

Answer 9

the pontine flexure

Question 10

What is the most common cause of a chiari malformation?

Answer 10

Defective somitogenesis (i.e. underdevelopment of the occiptal bone

Question 11

What is the essence of the cause of lissencephaly?

Answer 11

Failure of cortical neuroblast migration

Question 12

What are examples of Phase I drug metabolism?

Answer 12

oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis

Question 13

What are examples of Phase II drug metabolism?

Answer 13

acetylation, methylation, sulfonation, glucaronidation

Question 14

a blood pH of 7.2 and a paCO2 of 20 would indicate what metabolic acid/base disturbance?

Answer 14

metabolic acidosis, because of the low pa CO2