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Nursing > 1070 POST MIDTERM WEEK 7-13 > Flashcards

1070 POST MIDTERM WEEK 7-13 Flashcards

1
Q

Define Public health

A
  • Efforts of society to keep people healthy
  • Combination of programs, services, and policies to protect and promote health
  • Focus on whole populations
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2
Q

Describe the Core Functions of Public Health

A

S- health surveillance
H- health assessment of population
E- emergency management
D- disease and injury prevention
P- health promotion and policy development
P- health protection

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3
Q

Levels of prevention in health promotion

A

Primordial level- first level, uses upstream approach, it is addressing or ways to stop the risk of getting a disease. For example- healthy lifestyle choices, or tobacco stop campaign.
Primary level- just like primordial, uses upstream, it is preventing the risk of the disease and addressing the prevention for it. For example car seat safety, or immunization. Even if you still are at risk for these things, primary level reduces the effect.
Secondary level- screening for detection of disease and checking to see. For example cancer detection, mammogram.
Tertiary level- providing care to go back to optimal health like monitoring medication or rehabilitation
Quaternary level- this is where ethics come in. For example if there is a woman with domestic violence, you would not ask many questions to aggravate her even more.

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4
Q

Harm Reduction

A

Protecting health by reducing harm towards individuals engaging in high-risk activities associated with poor health outcomes.

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5
Q

Population Health Approach

A

Understand and improve the health of the entire population and do not focus on individuals but look at the root causes.

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6
Q

Describe the Population Health Promo model

A

HOW- strategies from the Ottawa charter
WHO- communities and populations
WHAT- SDOH
WHY- we want positive impact health

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7
Q

Describe each strategy from the Ottawa charter

A

Strengthen community action
Healthy public policy
Personal skills
Reorient health system
Supportive environments

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8
Q

Population Health Indicators

A

Smoking rates
Life expectancy
Accidents

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9
Q

Population Health Interventions

A

Smoking bans

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10
Q

Epidemiology

A

Epidemiology is the study of the distribution of factors that determine health-related events in a population.
Example- mortality rates

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11
Q

Public Health Nursing

A
  • District nurses
  • Visited disadvantaged pregnant women providing nutritious meals
  • Vulnerable populations
  • Vaccines
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12
Q

What is Sexuality?

A

Encompasses sex, gender, identities, and roles, sexual orientation, pleasure, intimacy, and reproduction.

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13
Q

What is sexual health?

A
  • A state of physical, mental, and emotional well-being related to sexuality
  • Characterized by a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships
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14
Q

What is sexual health promotion?

A

Individuals achieve the ability to control and improve their sexual health

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15
Q

What are the stages of sexual development

A
  • Childhood and infancy (EXPLORATION)
  • Puberty in adolescents
  • Adulthood
    Elder adulthood
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16
Q

Sezxualitree

A

3 levels of sexuality
- intimacy
- relational
- cultural

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17
Q

Gender Identity

A

Our sense of being male or female

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18
Q

Gender Expression

A

The way we express our gender female or male by the way we dress, appearance, or behaviour

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19
Q

Biological Sex

A

Physical parts that make us male and female

20
Q

Androgynous

A

Having both male and female characteristics

21
Q

Intersex

A

A person born with reproductive or sexual anatomy that does not seem to fit the typical definition of female or male

22
Q

Gender vs Sexuality

A

gender- biological, identity, expression
sexuality- attraction, identity, behaviour

23
Q

Heterosexism

A

Foundation of homophobia and assuming that everyone is heterosexual and marginalizing people who are not

24
Q

LGBTQ+ Cultural Competence for Nurses

A

Understand the far-reaching effects of social stigma and stress on the health of LGBTQ+ people, families and communities.
Understand how homophobia, biphobia, and transphobia intersects with other oppressions like racism and sexism

25
Q

Nursing responsibilities regarding LGBTQ+

A
  • be aware of your own values and beliefs, influences of family, religion and society
  • convey a caring open, and non-judgmental manner towards clients
  • use of appropriate language, non verbal and verbal communication
26
Q

What is spirituality?

A
  • Spirituality - from the Latin word “spiritus” meaning breath or wind
  • interconnectedness between self and others
  • ways to find hope
    ways to find meaning in life
  • ways to find greater purpose
27
Q

Rogers and Wattis (2015) definition of spirituality

A
  • defining spirituality is hard
  • spirituality is unique to the individual
28
Q

Four characteristics of spirituality

A
  • relationship with self
  • relationship with nature
  • relationship with others
  • relationship with deity
29
Q

Spirituality on nursing care

A

Our CNO standards expect us to pay attention to the needs of out patients (spiritually)
Spirituality’s connection with hope, meaning, purpose in life, values, and beliefs is important in practice because in nursing it helps us to promote a centred holistic approach

30
Q

How can we increase spiritual competency?

A

Be aware of your own spirituality
Listen to cues
Be fully present
Be person-centered
Reflect daily on your compassion for patients

31
Q

What are goals of spiritual caregiving?

A

-Fostering integrity within people
-Promoting interpersonal bonding
-Respecting and enhancing personal quests for the meaning of life

32
Q

Foundational concepts of spirituality

A

ways of knowing
time/ transitions
personal meaning
culture

33
Q

What is culture?

A
  • Is shaped by values, beliefs, norms, and practices that are shared by the members of the same cultural group
  • dynamic
    -goes on for generations
    culture can include age, group history, language, and sexual orientation but it can also include socioeconomic status and gender.
34
Q

The Cultural Iceberg

A
  • Culture is like an iceberg
  • Some aspects are visible and many are guessed, suspected, or learned as you grow to understand cultures.
35
Q

What is value?

A

a value is a personal belief about the worth of a given idea, attitude, customer, or object that sets standards that can influence behaviour

36
Q

What is a Belief?

A

A belief is an opinion or conviction in the truth or existence of something without positive knowledge or rigorous proof

37
Q

Define Assumptions

A

An assumption may come from one person’s experience and is told and retold until the group believes the idea to be the truth

38
Q

Cultural Humility

A

ability to maintain an interpersonal stance that is other-oriented in relation to aspects of cultural identity that are most important to the person
everyone is like everyone else
everyone is like someone else
everyone is like no one else

39
Q

shared humanity
group identity
individuality

A

everyone is like everyone else - shared humanity
everyone is like someone else- group identity
everyone is like no one else- individuality

40
Q

Cultural and Linguistic Competence

A

Accepting and respecting cultural differences and adapting care to be congruent with the client’s culture
clients have the right to culturally and clinically appropriate care delivery provided by the appropriate person in the health care team

41
Q

Cultural safety

A

something we create
cultural safety does not refer to the cataloguing of cultural specific beliefs but rather how a group is treated and perceived
individuals and institutional discrimination in health care creates risk for people

42
Q

Promoting cultural safety

A

requires nurses to:
- recognize, respect, and nurture the unique and dynamic cultural identities of all people
- safely meet people’s needs, expectations and rights given to the unique contexts of their lives

43
Q

Self- awarness

A

understanding one’s values, beliefs, attitudes, culture, biases, and judgments and understanding the impact they have on others
helps guide behaviour

44
Q

Self- awareness in nursing

A

self- awareness has become intricately tied to becoming a nurse not just doing nursing.
remember that nursing is an art, it is using nursing knowledge to restore and maintain meaningful relationships to improve health

45
Q

Self- awareness and reflection

A

self- awareness is a continuous process without a saturation point
use of reflection - a conscious process to examine oneself and one’s assumptions and biases

Nursing (6 decks)

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