JB-Infectious diseases Flashcards
Treatment of amoebiasis (Entamoeba histolytica)
Metronidazole
Profuse bloody diarrhoea
Can cause liver accesses
Complication of amoebiasis (Entamoeba histolytica) infection
Liver access
RUQ pain and fever
Aspiration: “Anchovy sauce”
ABX for a dirty animal bite
co-amoxiclav
(doxycycline + metronidazole if pen allergic)
What is the most common cause of a Bacillus cereus infection
Food poisoning
Classically undercooked rice (incubation period of 1-6 hours)
Why are infants at risk of botulism (Clostridium botulinum) and what step is taken to reduce it
normal flora not developed and reduced levels of bile acids
Advise against honey until 12 months as natural reservoir
Named floppy baby syndrome
Most common cause of infectious diarrhoea in uk
Campylobacter
3 stages of Campylobacter infection
prodrome: headache
1-6 days incubation time
diarrhoea: often bloody
abdominal pain: may mimic appendicitis
Treatment for campylobacter infection
Usually not needed
Clarithromycin
Commonest protozoal cause of diarrhoea in the UK
Cryptosporidiosis
Mainly common in immunocompromised patients
Management supportive unless very unwell -> nitazoxanide/ rifaxime
CMV microscope appearance
Owl eyes (intranuclear inclusion bodies)
Features of congenital CMV
Growth retardation, pinpoint petechial ‘blueberry muffin’ skin lesions, microcephaly, sensorineural deafness, encephalitiis (seizures) and hepatosplenomegaly
Main risk factor for CMV retinitis
HIV with low CD4 count
Blurred vision with “pizza retina”
IV Gangciclovir
How is Dengue fever transmitted
Mosquitos (Aedes aegypti mosquito)
Main complication of Dengue
Severe dengue/ dengue haemorrhagic fever -> DIC
Dengue fever main symptoms
Sudden onset fever, headache, myalgia, rash
Facial flushing, haemorrhagic manifestations (tourniquet test, petechiae, epistaxis)
