Vitamin D and Calcium Regulation

Question 1

Normal Calcium Range

Answer 1

8.6-10.2 mg/dl

Question 2

Normal Phosphate Range

Answer 2

3.0-4.5 mg/dl

Question 3

Normal 25 hydroxyvitamin D

Answer 3

32-100 ng/ml

Question 4

Normal PTH

Answer 4

15-65 ng/dl

Question 5

Normal 1,25 hydroxyvitamin D

Answer 5

10-75 ng/ml

Question 6

Hyperparathyroidism

Answer 6

Ca: High, Phosphate: Low, 25: nl, 1,25: high, PTH: high

Question 7

Vitamin D Deficiency

Answer 7

Ca: Low, Phos: Low, 25: low, 1,25: nl, PTH: high

Question 8

Vitamin D Toxicity

Answer 8

Ca: high, phos: high, 25: high, 1,25: nl-high, PTH: low

Question 9

Hypoparathyroidism

Answer 9

Ca: low, Phos: high, 25: nl, 1,25: low, PTH: low

Question 10

Signs/Symptoms of Hypocalcemia

Answer 10

Circumoral numbness, Paresthesias hand and feet, Chvostek’s sign, carpopedal spasm, Laryngospasm, tetany, seizures, muscle cramps

Question 11

Signs/Symptoms of Hypercalcemia

Answer 11

Fatigue, Weakness, Polydipsia, Polyuria, Hypercalcuria, Nephrolithiasis, Nephrocalcinosis, Anorexia, Depression, etc.

Question 12

Effects of Vitamin D Deficiency

Answer 12

Hypocalcemia, Hypophosphatemia, Myopathy, Secondary Hyperparathyroidism, Inadequate Bone Mineralization

Question 13

Effects of Vitamin D Excess

Answer 13

Hypercalemia, Hypercalciuria, Hyperphosphatemia, Inhibition of PTH secretion

Question 14

Effects of Hypoparathyroidism

Answer 14

Hypocalcemia, Hyperphosphatemia

Question 15

Effects of Hyperparathyroidism

Answer 15

Hyperclaemia, Hypophosphatemia, Osteoporosis, Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones)