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Test Notes Flashcards

0
Q

Rising action

A

Complications that intensify the situation; continues through the conflict to the crisis

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1
Q

Exposition

A

Background, information, needed for understanding, creates tone gives setting, intros characters

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2
Q

Climax/turning point

A

The point at which the protagonist makes a decision he can not reverse. It is usually the moment or greatest suspense.

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3
Q

Falling action

A

Emphasizes the activity of forces against the protagonist it’s usually shorter then the rising action and is the result of the decision made by the protagonist during the climax.

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4
Q

Resolution

A

Literally, unknowing. It’s the final unraveling of the plot; the solution of a mystery; the explanation or outcome.

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5
Q

Character

A

An imagined person in the story.

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6
Q

Types of characters

A

Protagonist, antagonist, dynamic, static, flat, round, stock, foil

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7
Q

Protagonist

A

The main character in a work

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8
Q

Antagonist

A

The character or force directly opposed to the protagonist

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9
Q

Dynamic

A

Changes in some way throughout the story

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10
Q

Static

A

Changes little if at all. The readers view of this character itself.

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11
Q

Flat

A

A character which is constructed around a single idea or quality

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12
Q

Round

A

Complex, multi-faced characters

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13
Q

Stock

A

Conventional character types, a.k.a stereotypes. Readers can identify these characters because they are familiar with the pattern.

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14
Q

Foil

A

Literally, a “leaf” of bright metal placed under a jewel to increase (reflect) it’s brilliance a character wig through contact emphasizes the distinctive characteristics of another.
(Work in pairs)

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15
Q

Characterization

A

The crayon of imaginary persons so that they seem lifelike.

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16
Q

Two major forms of characterization

A

Direct and indirect

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17
Q

Direct characterization

A

The author tells the reader directly what the character is like.

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18
Q

Indirect characterization

A 
The author uses one of the following methods to convey information to the reader about the character:
A. Speech
B. action
C. Private thoughts 
D. Appearance 
E. Response of other characters
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19
Q

Motivation

A

Reasons, justification, and explanation for the action of a character. Results from a combination of the characters morals nature with the circumstances in which the character is placed. Understanding motivation helps the reader analyze the character.

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20
Q

Conflict

A

The struggle between two opposing force

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21
Q

Types of conflict

A

Internal and external

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22
Q

Internal conflict

A

Man vs self- struggles with something personally

23
Q

External conflict

A 
Man vs man
        vs society 
        vs supernatural 
        vs machine 
        vs nature
24
Q

Conflict in literature seldom involves_ _ _ _ _ instead, readers will see a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

A
  • A single type of conflict

* Complex combinations of two or more of the four basic types

25
Q

Point of view

A

Refers to who tells the story and how it is told. Point of view can contribute to meaning and reveal the authors attitude toward a subject.

26
Q

Narrator

A

The actual teller of the story (not usually the author)

29
Q

Editorial omniscient (third person)

A

Narration that gives evaluative statements about the character

30
Q

Neutral omniscient (third person)

A

Narration that allows the characters actions and thoughts to speak for themselves

31
Q

Limited omniscient (third person)

A
  1. Restricted to a single character. Long work perspective between 3 characters
  2. The reader will see people, events and places the way they appear to the chosen character.
  3. The reader will have access to only the thoughts and feelings of the chosen character, not any other character.
32
Q

Objective (third person)

A
  1. Employs a narrator who does not see into the kind of any character.
  2. Detached and impersonal perspective.
  3. Narrator reports action dialogue without telling the reader directly what is going on.
  4. Plays a heavy premium on dialogue = actions and details to reveal characters.
33
Q

First person

A
  1. The I presents the point of view only one characters consciousness, so the reader is restricted to the perceptions, thoughts and feelings of that single character.
  2. Can be from the perspective of a major or minor character.
34
Q

Unreliable Narrator (first person)

A

A narrator whose interpretation of events is different from the authors

35
Q

Naïve narrator (first person)

A

Lack the sophistication to interact accurately what they see; they are unreliable because the trade must go beyond their understanding to comprehend the situations described.

36
Q

Setting

A

The background against which action take place

37
Q

Elements of setting

A
  1. Geographical
  2. Daily manner if living
  3. Time period or season
  4. General occupation
38
Q

Irony

A

A device that reveals a reality different from what appears to be true.

39
Q

Types of irony

A

Verbal-sarcasm, situational, dramatic

40
Q

Verbal irony

A

A persons saying one thing but meaning the opposite. In lit, it is not usually aggressive; more suitable and restrained.

41
Q

Sarcasm (irony)

A

Verbal irony that is calculated to hurt someone by false praise

42
Q

Situational irony

A

Exists when there is an incongruity, between what is expected to happen and what actually happens. The ironic situation creates a distinct between appearance and realities, leading the reader closer to the central meaning of the story(THEME)

43
Q

Dramatic irony

A

Creates a discrepancy between what a character believes or says and what the reader understand to be true can be an effective eye for an author it have a character unwittingly reveal himself/herself

44
Q

Symbol

A

A person, object, or event that suggest more than its internal meaning

45
Q

Conventional symbols

A

Symbols that are widely recognized by a society or culture.
Objects: Christian cross, Star of David, a swastika
Experiences: winter, setting sun, the color black=death, spring, rising sun, color green=youth/new beginning.

46
Q

Literary symbols

A
  1. Can include traditional, conventional or public meaning, but can also be internally by literary work.
  2. Can be setting, character, actions,objects, names or anything else.
  3. Are economical devices or evoking complex ideas without explaining everything.
47
Q

Allegory

A

When a character, object, or incident indicates a single, fixed meaning. Allegory is the abstract idea identified by the concrete object

48
Q

Flashback

A

When the author talks about something that happens before the opening scene of a work. (A daydream or lost in thought)

49
Q

Foreshadowing

A

When the author gives you ideas about what is going to happen later on in the story

50
Q

Suspense

A

Anticipation of the outcome of events, partially as they affect a character for whom the reader has sympathy.

51
Q

Two methods for suspense

A
  1. You don’t know what the ending is going to be

2. Knowing the end and not knowing when/what will happen

52
Q

Theme

A

The central idea or meaning of a story. It’s tell you about the point of the whole story using all the elements of a work.

53
Q

Guidelines to determine theme

A
  1. Pay attention to the title of the story
  2. Look for the details that have potential for symbolic meaning.
  3. Decide whether the protagonist changes or develops some important insight as a result of the action.
  4. Always one complete sentence (never a single word)
  5. Your expression of the theme should he a generalization statement rather than a specific description of a particular thing.
  6. Don’t use clicheś as a way of stating theme
  7. Some stories emphasize theme less than others
54
Q

Basic procedure of theme

A
  1. List subjects of the work: love revenge family death innocence loneliness
  2. Decide what statement the story is making about one subject
    3 describe it in a complete sentence
55
Q

Omniscient (third person)

A
  1. Narrator is all-knowing
  2. Reports the characters feelings and thoughts as well as what they say or do.
  3. Can move from one place, time to time; character to character
81
Q

Third person

A
  1. Omniscient (the narrator takes us inside the character)
  2. Limited omniscient (the narrator takes us inside only one or two characters)
  3. Objective (the narrator is outside the characters)

English (37 decks)

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