M3 - Skeletal System Frog

Question 1

The frog skeletal system is divided into what parts:

Answer 1

1. Axial Skeleton
2. Appendicular Skeleton

Question 2

This includes the skeletal structures found at the median portion of the body like the skull, hyoid, vertebral column, sternum.

Answer 2

Axial skeleton

Question 3

This is composed of the bones of the limbs and girdles.

Answer 3

Appendicular skeleton

Question 4

The skull is divided into what 3 main parts:

Answer 4

1. Cranium
2. Jaws
3. 3 pairs of Sense capsules

Question 5

Name the three pairs of sense capsules:

Answer 5

1. Nasal or olfactory capsule - houses the nose
2. Ear or auditory capsule - houses the tympanum
3. Eye or optic capsule - a spacious part of the bulging eyes

Question 6

There are the teeth-bearing bones located at the anterior edge of the skull.

Answer 6

Premaxillae

Question 7

These are the teeth-bearing structures immediately posterior and lateral to the premaxillae.

Answer 7

Maxillae

Question 8

These are triangular structures that support the nasal cavities posterior to premaxillae.

Answer 8

Nasals

Question 9

These are shorter dorsal bones lacking teeth and situated immediately posterior to the maxillae.

Answer 9

Quadratojugal

Question 10

It is bone located immediately posterior to the nasals.

Answer 10

Sphenethmoid

Question 11

These are long structures posterior to the sphenethmoid and the actual brain case.

Answer 11

Fronto-parietals

Question 12

A pair of dorsally flattened bones on each side of the posterior end of the fronto-parietals housing the inner ear.

Answer 12

Prootics

Question 13

These are hammer-shaped bones on the lateral end of the prootics.

Answer 13

Squamosals

Question 14

These are two large openings on the side of the fronto-parietals and the sense capsule of the eye.

Answer 14

Orbit

Question 15

It is a short structure around the foramen magnum where the occipital condyles are born.

Answer 15

Exoccipital

Question 16

These are structures that connect the skull to the vertebral column. They surround or border the foramen magnum.

Answer 16

Occipital Condyles

Question 17

These are bones bearing the vomerine teeth posterior to the premaxillae and ventral to the nasals.

Answer 17

Vomers

Question 18

It is a dagger-shaped bones posterior to the vomers.

Answer 18

Parasphenoid

Question 19

It is a thin bone arising from the tip of the parasphenoid to the maxillae.

Answer 19

Palatine

Question 20

It is a tri-radiate bone connected to the prootic, maxillae, and squamosals.

Answer 20

Pterygoid

Question 21

It is the most anterior bone of the lower jaw.

Answer 21

Mentomeckelian

Question 22

It is the median bone of the lower jaw.

Answer 22

Dentary

Question 23

It is the posterior bone of the lower jaw that articulates with the skull.

Answer 23

Angulare or angulo-splenial.

Question 24

This is the broad, flat, median portion of the hyoid.

Answer 24

Body

Question 25

These are paired lateral enlargements on the anterior side of the body of the hyoid.

Answer 25

Alary process

Question 26

This is also called the breastbone

Answer 26

Sternum.

Question 27

This is a thin circular cartilage attached to the omosternum.

Answer 27

Episternum

Question 28

A tapered bone attached to the clavicles and coracoids.

Answer 28

Epicoracoid

Question 29

A rod-shaped bony structure at the posterior ends of the epicoracoid and coracoids.

Answer 29

Mesosternum

Question 30

A thin, heart-shaped cartilage at the posterior end of the mesosternum.

Answer 30

Xiphisternum

Question 31

these are paired structures that support the chest anteriorly and the hips posteriorly.

Answer 31

Girdle

Question 32

a broad-shaped structure which joins the sternum ventrally and serves to support the forelimbs.

Answer 32

Pectoral girdle

Question 33

This is a long, slender structure located anteriorly which articulates with the transverse process of the sacral vertebra.

Answer 33

Ilium

Question 34

This is a shorter structure which is posteriorly located.

Answer 34

Ischium

Question 35

This is located posteriorly ventral to the ilium with triangular shape.

Answer 35

Pubis

Question 36

This is the median fusion of the three main bones.

Answer 36

Symphysis

Question 37

This is a cup-like structure which accommodates the head of the femur.

Answer 37

Acetabulum

Question 38

Limb that is is anteriorly located.

Answer 38

Forelimb

Question 39

limb that is located posteriorly.

Answer 39

Hindlimb

Question 40

This is the upper arm where the deltoid crest can be found on the ventral side.

Answer 40

Humerus

Question 41

This is the fused bone of the lower arm with an inner radius and outer ulna.

Answer 41

Radio-ulna

Question 42

These are bones of the wrist consisting of two rows of three small bones.

Answer 42

Carpals

Question 43

These are the bones of the palm

Answer 43

Metacarpals

Question 44

These are the bones of the digits of which there are four in the frog.

Answer 44

Phalanges

Question 45

This is the bone of the thigh the head of which articulates with the acetabulum.

Answer 45

Femur

Question 46

These are the fused bones of the shank with an inner tibia and an outer fibula.

Answer 46

Tibio-fibula

Question 47

These are the bones of the ankle composed of two rows of bones.

Answer 47

Tarsals

Question 48

These are the five long bones of the sole.

Answer 48

Metatarsals

Question 49

These are the bones of the toes.

Answer 49

Phalanges.