Section B - Regenerating Places Flashcards
Causes of adult unemployment - Education
Education - poor levels of education leave people with few skills and make it difficult to find employment
Causes of adult unemployment - North/South divide
North/South divide - More jobs in the South compared to the North of England, leads to unemployment in the North
Reasons why there are changes in levels of deprivation - Middlesborough
In the 19th and 20th centuries Middlesborough was a very industrial town - by the 1960s it was thriving with over 170,000 people living in the area - however it has struggled with modern deindustrialisation and over 35,000 people have left since the 1960s - many small-scale businesses were forced to close after the 2008 recession and the 2015 closure of the last steelworks in the area has worsened the decline - today Middlesborough has over double to national average unemployment rate and poor education and employment rates are putting off people from moving there - this shows how there can be changes in levels of deprivation
Reasons for the variations in QoL within a local place you have studied
Docklands before LDDC - 30,000 jobs lost, 50% of Docklands derelict, unemployment 21% - economic regeneration began in 1981 and by 1988 over 600 hectares of land had been reclaimed for economic regeneration + 50,000 new houses - building of canary wharf with mainly tertiary and quaternary jobs saw people move to the docklands to fill these jobs - however the original population of the Docklands didn’t have the education level required for these jobs - therefore original population of the Docklands unable to take advantage of regeneration and find employment - also many of the new houses built too expensive and were built expressly for the new workers who would work in Canary Wharf
Impact of gov decisions on economic and social characteristics of an urban or rural place
China clay pits in Cornwall were very prosperous and employed thousands of people until the late 1980s - less demand for china clay due to cheaper alternative sources overseas - led to mass employment - all the workers in these pits were then unemployed as jobs moved out of the area - this increased economic downturn in the area after gov started importing China clay from alternative sources without providing other occupation options for the residents - shows negative impact of gov decisions
Impact of gov decisions on economic and social characteristics of an urban or rural place
Eden project - opened in 2001 on the site of the old china clay pits - part of Cornwall’s attempts to transition to a tertiary economy that focused on tourism - very successful in this regard as the Eden Project generated $1.1 billion for the Cornish economy and attracted 13 million visitors, as well as employing 650 people directly - shows positive impact of a gov decision
Impact of gov decisions on economic and social characteristics of an urban or rural place
Social - mass deprivation due to decline of primary and secondary industries - 2021 census - 53.9% of households are considered to be deprived in Cornwall - this is largely due to mass unemployment caused by deindustrialisation and a the closure of the china clay pits and the lack of a ‘knowledge economy’ in Cornwall due to a lack of education for higher paid jobs and a lack of higher paid jobs in the first place which leads to those who do manage to get a good education leaving the area - again shows negative impacts of gov decision
Impact of gov decisions on economic and social characteristics of an urban or rural place
Increased social characteristics and quality of life
