lecture 7-memory distortion-

Question 1

schema

Answer 1

is a pattern of knowledge describing what is typical or frequent in a particular situation
it can:
-aid or disrupt memory
-the reconstruction according to the schema

!!the recall is better when using a schema

Question 2

intrusion errors

Answer 2

recalling events that are not part of the original episodes
-understanding sometimes hurts memory by making us assume things

Question 3

Deese-Roediger-McDermott DRM paradigm

Answer 3

set of related words to remember
-the word that is relate to all the words on the list is not present
-the world that is not present is claimed to be on the list
-occurs even when the participants are warned

Question 4

eyewitness testimony Loftus et al.

Answer 4

it relies on storing and recalling information.
it is a statement given to the court of law by the eye witness who was at the scene of a crime

Question 5

misinformation effect

Answer 5

Participant’s report of a previous event is
affected by the misinformation that is
provided later on.

Question 6

explanation of the misinformation effect

Answer 6

-the misinformation overwrites the original information and makes the original information inaccessible.
-nothing is wrong with the memory but the report is biased

Question 7

factors affecting misinformation effect

Answer 7

-misinformation should come from someone credible
-the effect is higher in young children and older adults
-the effect is not obtained without a time interval between the presentation
-warning ahead of time reduction

Question 8

implementing false memories

Answer 8

memory for childhood events that never happened

Question 9

factors that affect memory errors

Answer 9

-repeated attempts at retrieval
-passage of time
-plausibility
-imagination inflation
-dissociative experience scale

Question 10

hypermnesia

Answer 10

excessive memory activity, or unusual clarity of memory images

Question 11

repressed memories

Answer 11

is one that can be answered by looking at past trauma the individual has not incorporated into their personality

Question 12

hypermnesia and repressed memory cause /problems

Answer 12

cause:
repeated attempts at retrieval
problems :
-accuracy
-suggestibility-influence of therapist

Question 13

metacognition

Answer 13

knowing about your own cognition

Question 14

remember

Answer 14

remembering the episode for the memory
remember judgments are more likely to be associated with correct memories

Question 15

know

Answer 15

having a feeling of familiarity, no episodes