Drug List

Question 1

Class, Indications, MoA AND Side Effects of Metformin

Answer 1

Class: Biguanide

Indication: T2DM, 1st line treatment

Decreases gluconeogenesis, and increases peripheral utilisation of glucose (only acts in presence of insulin)

Side effects: abdominal pain, decreased appetite, diarrhoea, altered taste Vitamin B12 deficiency

Question 2

Indications, Example, MoA and side effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors

Answer 2

Indication: T2DM, 2nd line treatment

Example: empagliflozin

Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors. Block reabsorption of glucose in kidney, increasing glucose excretion

Side effects: Dehydration, UTI, genital thrush, thirst

Question 3

Indications, Example, MoA and side effects of DPP4 inhibitors

Answer 3

Indication: 2nd line dual therapy T2DM

Example: Linagliptin

MoA: Inhibits dipeptidylpeptidase-4 to increase insulin secretion and lower glucagon secretion.

Side effects: Cough, nasopharyngitis, hypoglycaemia when taken with other medication.