lfuorine

Question 1

fluorine vs floride

Answer 1

fluorine = F
fluoride=F-

Question 2

positve effects of floride for dental

Answer 2

reduces potential for developing cavities

Question 3

neg effects of fluoride on dental

Answer 3

cause for dental fluorosis from prolonged high exposure greatly impacts children between birth and 6 years

Question 4

neg effect of fluoride on the skeleton

Answer 4

cause for skeletal fluorosis from prolonged high exposure. excess leaches Ca2+ from the bones

Question 5

how much fluoride is in Calgary’s drinking water

Answer 5

fluctates between 0.1 and 0.4

Question 6

what was the historical controversy about fluoride in our city

Answer 6

1957-1971=no F-
1989-1991=F- @ 1.0pp.
1998-1999=reduced F- in water to 0.7
2011= no F-, though tooth decay as worsened in children

Question 7

what minerals is tooth enamel made of

Answer 7

hydroxyapatite is calcium phosphate

Question 8

what are the fluoride related health issues in India

Answer 8

high rates of fluorosis where 60 mill are at risk via high F- ground drinking water (6-8 ppm)

Question 9

where can we get F- in our diet (not drinking)

Answer 9

fish, tea and gelatin

Question 10

how is F- put into our drinking sys?

Answer 10

via erosion of rocks with fluorite

Question 11

how many Americans have access to F- drinking water

Answer 11

2/3

Question 12

what did the CDC case study relveal

Answer 12

that kids who had F- in thier diet had less cavities

Question 13

what is the recommended amount of flouirde per day fro enamel growth

Answer 13

0.8-1.2 ppm

Question 14

how does F- help in tooth enamel formation?

Answer 14

is reduced enamel solubility which increases its strength of it and allows it to become more resistant to bacteria

Question 15

how much $ did we save be removing F form the water?

Answer 15

750 000

Question 16

what is dental fluorosis

Answer 16

a condition due to the prolonged exposure to naturally fluoridated water that contains more than the recommended 0.8-1.2ppm
or from polluted waters form coal

the F- can react with CaPO… and leach the Ca out causing hypo mineralized enamel

Question 17

skeletal fluorosis

Answer 17

the hardening of the bones from an excess of F-.
they become loos and elestic like and increases fracture likeyness
in the long terms this reduces join mobility as joints and ligaments become ossified (stiff)

Question 18

where can F- come from in the groundwater

Answer 18

Fluorite
Fluorapatite
cryolite
igneous ricks
alkaline ground water can leach the minerals out
phosphate-rich fertilizers (high F- lvl) leach into the sytem