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prosthesis > Chapter 4: Study of dental arches > Flashcards

Chapter 4: Study of dental arches Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of anterior teeth

A
  • Aesthetics
  • Phonetics
  • Initiates the mastication
  • Anterior, incisal and canine guidance
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2
Q

Functions of posterior teeth

A
  • Elevations: cusps, ridges, and planes (slopes)
  • Depressions: fossa and pits, fissures
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3
Q

What is a pit?

A

It is a sharp pinpoint depression on the surface of the enamel

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4
Q

What is a fossa?

A

An irregular depression or concavity on the surface of the tooth

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5
Q

What are functional pits and fossa?

A

They are the pits and fossa that receive the active cusp
- Upper: mesial pit
- Lower: distal fossa

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6
Q

What is an inclined plane?

A

It is the sloping area found between 2 cusp ridges

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7
Q

Each cusp has 2 inclined planes. True or False

A

False, each cusp has 4 inclined planes

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8
Q

What cusps are working cusps?

A

The upper palatal and the lower buccal cusps

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9
Q

What do active cusps do?

A

They support the VDO and stabilise the arch

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10
Q

Other names for working cusps

A

active, cutting, functional, centric, supporting cusps

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11
Q

Other names for non-working cusps

A

non-active, protecting, non-functional, non-centric, guiding cusps

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12
Q

What cusps are the non-working cusps?

A

Upper buccal and lower lingual cusps

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13
Q

The active cusps function correctly when following the vertical axis. True or False

A

True

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14
Q

Match the letters with the numbers:

  1. Marginal ridges
  2. Central ridges
  3. Triangular ridges

A. form the cusp
B. in the mesial and distal areas of the occlusal surface of premolars and molars
C. towards the major fissure and buccally

A
  1. B
  2. C
  3. A
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15
Q

Each cusp has _____ cusp ridges extending in different directions from its tip

A

4

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16
Q

Normally the cusp ridge that extends towards the central portion of the occlusal surface is also a _____ _____

A

Triangular ridge

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17
Q

What is the line going from the first tooth to the last one called?

A

The main groove

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18
Q

The ____ ____ will use the main groove to start the protrusion movement.

A

Active cusp

19
Q

What do we have on each side of the axial line?

A

Slopes

20
Q

Definition of a fissure

A

A long depression on the surface of the tooth

21
Q

Definition of a groove

A

A shallow linear depression on the surface of a tooth

22
Q

Match the letters with the numbers:

A. Central/Developmental grooves
B. Supplemental grooves

  1. They extend from mesial to distal and they serve as an escape for protrusive movements
  2. They are less distinct and do not mark the junction of primary parts
  3. They provide supplementary anatomy and increase the masticatory effectiveness
  4. They are shallow grooves between the primary parts of the crown or root
A
  1. A
  2. B
  3. B
  4. A
23
Q

Where are the working grooves in the upper molars?

A
  • From central fossa to buccal in upper molars
  • From central fossa to lingual in lower molars
24
Q

_____ grooves are non-working grooves

A

Oblique

25
Q

Working grooves transverse the main fissure. True or False

A

True

26
Q

On the working side, we are using _____ grooves

A

Straight

27
Q

On the non-working side, we are using _____ grooves

A

Lateral or Oblique

28
Q

Match the letters with the numbers:

  1. Working side
  2. Non-working side

A. Pivoting
B. Balancing

A
  1. A
  2. B
29
Q

Match the letters with the numbers:

  1. Sagittal plane
  2. Frontal plane
  3. Horizontal plane

A. It is the buccal inclination of the maxillary teeth and the lingual inclination of the mandibular teeth.
B. It is an imaginary plane joining the incisal edges of the front teeth and the cusps of the premolars and molars.
C. It is the mesial inclination of the mandibular teeth and the upper double inclination, that is mesial in anterior teeth and distal in posterior teeth of the maxilla.

A
  1. C
  2. B
  3. A
30
Q

What is the Spee curve?

A

The Spee is an imaginary line joining the incisal edges of the teeth and the active cusps of the molars and premolars.
It is concave in the mandible and convex in the maxilla.

31
Q

What is the Wilson curve?

A

It is an imaginary line that results in joining the buccal and lingual cusps on both sides of the arch

32
Q

What do the Spee and Wilson curves promote?

A

Posterior disocclusion in natural teeth

33
Q

What plane is also known as the occlusal plane?

A

The horizontal plane

34
Q

What plane is almost parallel to Camper?

A

The horizontal plane

35
Q

The occlusal plane will pass over all cusps. True or false

A

True. The occlusal plane will pass over all cusps not only the active ones

36
Q

What is shorter the mandible or the maxilla? And why?

A

The mandible is slightly shorter because the incisors are narrower

37
Q

The upper arch occludes buccally, and each tooth occludes with 1 antagonist. True or False

A

False. The upper arch occludes buccally, and each tooth occludes with 2 antagonists.

38
Q

What is an overjet?

A

Length in mm of the incisal edge of the
upper incisors to the labial surface of the lower incisors.

39
Q

What is an overbite?

A

Part of the vestibular surface of the
lower central incisor is covered by the
maxillary central incisor.
The normal value is 1/3.

40
Q

Class 1 angle definition

A
  • MV cusp of 16 to the buccal fissure of 46
  • MP cusp of 16 to central fossa of 46
  • The upper canine cusp between the lower canine
    and the first premolar
41
Q

Class 2 of angle definition

A
  • MV cusp of 16 to mesial buccal fissure of 46
  • MP cusp of 16 to the marginal ridge of 45-46
42
Q

Class 3 of angle definition

A
  • MV cusp of 16 to distal buccal fissure of 46
  • MP cusp of 16 to the marginal ridge of 46-47
43
Q

What is the origin of alignment between arches?

A
  • Muscle strength: lips, muscles of the face and tongue thrusting
  • Habits and para functions
44
Q

What gives the teeth long term stability

A
  • Interproximal contacts
  • Occlusal contacts

prosthesis (9 decks)

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