risk

Question 1

risk

Answer 1

is the likelihood of an event occurring. In health care events, we usually consider a negative consequence
arising from exposure to a hazard.

Question 2

Types of risk :

Answer 2

1-Absolute risk
2- Relative risk
3- Attributable risk

Question 3

Absolute risk:

Answer 3

incidence (new cases) of disease in any population

Question 4

Relative risk:

Answer 4

ratio of the incidence rate in the group exposed to the hazard to the incidence rate in the non-exposed group, (the relative risk is the most important between them.)

Question 5

Attributable risk

Answer 5

Difference in incidence rates between exposed and non-exposed groups.

Question 6

Types of risk factors:

Answer 6

1- Behavioral
2- Physiological
3- Demographic
4- Environmental
5- Genetic

Question 7

Behavioral risk factors

Answer 7

• Usually relate to ‘actions’ that the individual has chosen to take.
• They can therefore be eliminated or reduced through lifestyle or behavioral change.

Question 8

examples of Behavioral risk factors

Answer 8

• Examples include: Smoking tobacco, Drinking alcohol, Nutritional choices, Physical inactivity, Sunlight
  exposure without proper protection, No vaccinations, Unprotected sex.

Question 9

Psychological risk factors

Answer 9

are those relating to an individual’s body or biology. They may be influenced by
a combination of genetic, lifestyle and other broad factors

Question 10

Examples of Psychological risk factors

Answer 10

• being overweight or obese
  -high blood pressure
• high blood cholesterol
  -high blood sugar (glucose).

Question 11

Demographic risk factors

Answer 11

are those that relate to the overall population.

Question 12

Examples of Demographic risk factors

Answer 12

Examples include age,
gender, occupation, income.

Question 13

Environmental risk factors

Answer 13

are those that relate to the overall population.

Question 14

examples of Environmental risk factors

Answer 14

-age
-gender
- occupation
-income

Question 15

Genetic risk factors

Answer 15

based on an individual’s genes. Some diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and muscular dystrophy, come entirely from an individual’s ‘genetic make-up’. Many other diseases, such as asthma or diabetes, reflect the interaction between the genes of the individual and environmental factors. Other diseases, like sickle cell anemia are more prevalent in certain population subgroups.