waves Flashcards

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1
Q

order of wave spectrum

A

-radio waves
-microwaves
-infra red
-visible light
-ultra violet
-x-ray
-gamma rays

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2
Q

why do objects appear opaque?

A

they don’t transmit any light

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3
Q

define intensity:

A

power of radiation per unit of area

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4
Q

objects that are hotter than their surroundings emit _____ radiation than they absorb

A

more

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5
Q

what type of wave is a sound wave?

A

longitudinal

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6
Q

what is ultrasound?

A

sounds above 20,000 Hz

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7
Q

how are ultrasound used to view internal structures?

A

-ultrasounds are refracted, some are also reflected at boundaries
-when it is fired at an object, every time it hits a boundary some of the waves are reflected back at us
-if we know the time taken and speed for it to travel, we can work out the distance of these boundaries and produce images

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8
Q

properties of p waves:

A

-longitudinal
-can travel through liquids and solids
-faster than s waves

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9
Q

properties of s waves:

A

-transverse
-only through solids

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10
Q

define a transverse wave?

A

The movement of the particles is at right angles to the direction of the wave.

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11
Q

define a longitudinal wave?

A

movement of the particles is parallel to the direction of the wave.

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12
Q

Name a transverse wave

A

Light, water, mexican wave, all the waves on the electromagnetic spectrum, s-waves

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13
Q

longitudinal wave, what is meant by an area of compression, and an area of rarefaction?

A

compression is where the particles are closest together, rarefaction is where the particles are furthest apart

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14
Q

the amplitude of a wave

A

maximum displacement of the wave away from its undisturbed position

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15
Q

What is frequency?

A

Frequency is the number of waves that pass a point per second

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16
Q

period of a wave?

A

period is the time (number of seconds) it takes for each wave to go by

17
Q

What is rarefraction?

A

As light moves from a less dense medium to a more dense medium the light bends towards the normal and vice versa

18
Q

what can UV radiation cause to the skin?

A

sunburn, prolonged exposure can cause skin cancer

19
Q

what waves are used for communication?

A

radio waves, microwaves, infra red, visible light

20
Q

what is a wave speed?

A

speed at which the wave moves or energy is passed through a medium

21
Q

how do waves transfer through a solid?

A

particles vibrate against each other and transfer kinetic energy through the material

22
Q

technique used to detect objects in deep water and measure water depth:

A

-echo sounding
-high frequency waves emitted, reflected and detected
-time diff betw emission and detection and wave speed used to calc distance

23
Q

what do waves do

A

transfer energy from one place to another (w/o transfer of matter)

24
Q

long waves travel by

A

diffracting around the curved surface of earth

25
Q

short waves travel by

A

reflecting on the ionosphere (electrically charged layer of upper atmosphere)
bounce back and forth repeatedly and cover long distances
can also be bluetooth

26
Q

very short waves travel by

A

directly from transmitter to receiver
can be obstructed by object

27
Q

speed of Soundwaves in air

A

330m/s

28
Q

Describe the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves.

A

transverse wave, the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

longitudinal wave, the oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer