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chemistry > acids 3.4 > Flashcards

acids 3.4 Flashcards

1
Q

ph less than 7

A

acid

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2
Q

ph more than 7

A

alkali

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3
Q

methyl orange

A

acid - red
neutral - yellow
alkali - yellow

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4
Q

phenolphthalein

A

acid - colourless
neutral - colourless
alkali - pink

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5
Q

red litmus paper

A

acid - red
neutral - red
alkali - blue

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6
Q

blue litmus paper

A

acid - red
neutral -blue
alkali - blue

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7
Q

% nitrogen in the air

A

78%

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8
Q

% oxygen in air

A

21%

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9
Q

% argon in air

A

0.96%

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10
Q

% carbon dioxide in air

A

0.04%

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11
Q

4 most abundant gases in the air

A

nitrogen
oxygen
argon
carbon dioxide

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12
Q

how to measure the % of oxygen in the air

A

react it with a metal, the air will gradually decrease in volume until all of the oxygen has been added to the metal. Then calculate the decrease in volume of air and divide it by the initial vol

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13
Q

what is element combustion

A

when an element reacts with oxygen to produce an oxide

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14
Q

name and state of oxide - metal

A

metal oxide, solid

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15
Q

name and state of oxide - non metal

A

non-metal dioxide, gas

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16
Q

magnesium and oxygen combustion

A

2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO
bright white light and white powder formed

17
Q

sulphur and oxygen combustion

A

S + O2 -> SO2
blue flame

18
Q

hydrogen and oxygen combustion

A

2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O
squeaky pop

19
Q

test for oxygen

A

glowing splint relights

20
Q

what happens when you dissolve a metal oxide in water

A

alkaline solution

21
Q

what happens when you dissolve a non-metal dioxide in water

A

acidic solution

22
Q

how to determine whether an unknown element is metal or non-metal

A

-combust in oxygen
-dissolve the oxide formed
-check the pH of the solution with an indicator

23
Q

acid + base

A

salt + water

24
Q

observation in an acid + base reaction

A

base disappears, as it is used up in the reaction

25
Q

how to make salt crystals

A

-add excess base to a hot acid (makes the salt solution quickly and uses all of the acid up
-filter out the excess base, collect the salt solution (filtrate) in an evaporating base
-heat the salt solution until crystals form around the edge
-evaporation of water allows crystals o form

26
Q

acid + carbonate

A

salt + water + carbon dioxide

27
Q

observations in an acid + carbonate reaction

A

-carbonate disappears, it is used up in the reaction
-there is fizzing, because CO2 is produced

28
Q

test for carbon dioxide

A

limewater turn cloudy when CO2 is present

29
Q

what is an acid

A

H+ donor
proton donor

30
Q

what is a base

A

proton acceptor

31
Q

what is an alkali

A

soluble base
OH- donor

chemistry (17 decks)

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