Biocompatibility Flashcards
Define biocompatibility
the ability of a material, device or appliance to be tolerated by living tissue
define biomaterial
any substance other than drugs or a combination of natural or synthetic substances, which can be used for any period of time, or as a whole or as part of a system that treats, augments or replaces any tissues, organ or function of the body.
what 3 interactions must be met?
the interactions between host, material and function of material
What are 4 risk factors that can change the biocompatibility of a material
disease
age
occlusion, diet
material change - corrosion, fatigue
- elements can release, mutagenic
how can a biomaterial be toxic?
if it releases a chemical in sufficient quantities to directly/indirectly kill cells through inhibiting key metabolic pathways
= carcinogenic reactions
what are 6 risk assessment factors
exposure - quantity, route, length
age
foetal exposure
allergenic
diet
disease
what dental materials have known allergens?
latex
nickel
methacrylates
resin based materials (TEDGMA, HEMA)
what two ways do we test biocompatibility?
in vitro test
usage test
what is the in vitro test?
material is placed into contact with some biological system to investigate toxicity and influence
6 PROS of in vitro test
controllable
isolated
cheap
fast
repeatable
simple
CONS of in vitro test
may produce misleading results
what is the usage test?
material is placed into intact organisms
PROs of usage test
most relevant
CONS of usage test
expensive
time consuming
difficult to control and interpret
legal and ethical issues
