Child Development

Question 1

Define Cognitive development

Answer 1

How people think and understand the world through genetics and learned influences

Question 2

What are the areas of cognitive development

Answer 2

Information processing, reasoning, language development, intelligence and memory,

Question 3

Social development

Answer 3

Learning values, knowledge, relatable skills → start building relationships

Question 4

What is behaviorism

Answer 4

All behaviors are learned through interactions with the environment) tabula rasa

Question 5

Who was the founding father of behaviorism

Answer 5

B.f skinner

Question 6

Jean Piaget theory

Answer 6

Theory of cognitive development, four stages

Question 7

Piagets schema ideas

Answer 7

Knowledge develops through assimilation → taking on new information or accommodation → changes schema based on new knowledge

Question 8

Describe piagets first cognitive development stage

Answer 8

Sensorimotor: world is developing through physical interactions and experience → object permanences, mobility,

Question 9

Piagets second stage of cognitive development

Answer 9

Preoperational: toddler-early childhood, intelligence shows through symbols- language, memory and imagination grow, non logical thinking

Question 10

Piagets third stage

Answer 10

Concrete operational: elementary-adolescence, logical and rational thinking to solve problems, permanence and conservation, science ideas, reversible thinking develops

Question 11

Piagets fourth stage

Answer 11

Formal operational: adolescence - adulthood, independents adapt to new situations, advanced thinking

Question 12

What is lev vygotsky theory

Answer 12

Social development theory + zone of proximal development)

Cognitive development forms through interactions or help from peers/adults

Question 13

Define (ZPD)

Answer 13

Difference between Childs actual development and the potential → typically follow adult on more capable peer until proficient

Question 14

Define scaffolding

Answer 14

Providing guidance and support

Question 15

What was Howard Gardner known for

Answer 15

Theory of multiple intelligence
A different types → learning preference

Question 16

List Howards 9 learning preferences

Answer 16

1. Verbal-linguistic
   2 logical-mathematical
2. Spatial-visual
3. Bodily-kinesthetic
4. Musical
5. Interpersonal
6. Intrapersonal
7. Naturalistic
8. Existential

Question 17

What was Jerome Bruner known for

Answer 17

3 modes of representation learners use to interpret the world
enactive, iconic symbolic

Subject material must be modified to fit the learner

Question 18

What was Albert bandura known for

Answer 18

Social learning theory

People learn best by observing, imitating and modeling behaviors, attitudes, emotions
*Observing

Question 19

Bandura’s theory combines the…

Answer 19

Cognitive and behavioral learning theories with the requirements of attention, retention, reproduction, motivation in order to learn new information

Question 20

What was Erik erikson known for

Answer 20

Theory of psychosocial development
8 stages from infancy to adulthood

Question 21

Name eriksons 8 stages

Answer 21

1. Trust vs. Mistrust
2. Autonomy vs, shame and doubt
3. Initiate vs. Guilt
4. Industry vs, inferiority
5. Identity vs. Confusion
6. Intimacy vs. Isolation
7. Generativity vs-stagnation
8. Integrity vs. Despair

Question 22

What was Abraham Maslow known for

Answer 22

Hierarchy of needs pyramid
Physiological safety, love esteem, self - actualization

Question 23

What is Benjamin bloom known for

Answer 23

Domains of learning → blooms taxonomy
Hierarchy of skills that build upon one another

Question 24

What skills are included in blooms taxonomy

Answer 24

1. Remember and recall
2. Understand and interpret
3. Apply and implement
4. Organize and implement
   S. Evaluate and critique
5. Create and plan

Question 25

What did blooms taxonomy establish for teachers and students

Answer 25

• Creates purposeful instruction
• framework of organized objectives
  -Implement appropriate instruction, valid assessments
  A instruction is objective driven