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Question 1

difference of vacuoles in plant and animal cells

Answer 1

in animal cells, there are many small vacuoles that store waste
in plant cells there is one large vacuole stores sap

Question 1

what cells are chloroplasts found

Answer 1

autotrophic cells(( cellsthat make their own food)

Question 2

stroma

Answer 2

a jelly like fluid that isrich in enzymes in chloroplast

Question 3

what floats on the stroma

Answer 3

the memebrane system:thylakoid membranes

Question 4

thylakoid membranes

Answer 4

flat, sac-like structures that are called ‘grana’ when grouped together into stacks

Question 5

thylakoid

Answer 5

the specific organelle where photosynthesis occurs in the chlorplast

Question 6

difference functions of thylakoid and chloroplast

Answer 6

chloroplast captures light energy, thylakoid converts the light energy into glucose

Question 7

what are the 2 stages that photosynthesis is divided into

Answer 7

the light-dependent stage and the light-independent stage

Question 8

what is independent inside of the nucleus and cytoplasm

Answer 8

ribosomes, DNA and RNA are independent inside of the nucleus and cytoplasm

Question 9

Why is it suggested that chloroplasts were once cyanobacteria

Answer 9

chloroplast share several characteristics with prokaryotic cells

Question 10

How did chloroplasts become part of eukaryotic cells and how

Answer 10

endosymbiosis as it occurred when the cyanobacteria was endocytosed by the plant/animal cell

Question 10

How did mitochondria become part of eukaryotic cells and how

Answer 10

endosymbiosis as they are endocytosed by the plant in the animal cell

Question 11

endosymbosis

Answer 11

the theory that some organelles like mitochondria in eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes.

Question 12

what evidence supports the endosymbiosis theory of chloroplasts

Answer 12

chloroplasts have their own cell membranes

each chloroplast has its own DNA and ribosomes

chloroplasts multiply by pinching in half, just like binary fission in bacteria

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Question 13

what memebrane is the hosts and the bacteria’s memebrane in chloroplasts

Answer 13

outer membrane=host
inner membrane=bacteria’s membrane

Question 14

endosymbiosis theory

Answer 14

the theory that some organelles like mitochondria in eukaryotes from prokaryote due to a mutual relationship.

Question 15

what are the folds in the inner membrane called

Answer 15

cristae

Question 16

mitochondrial matrix

Answer 16

protein-rich fluid located in the inner space of mitochondrion

Question 17

where are enzymes for cellular respiration are mainly embedded

Answer 17

cristae

Question 18

what do the numerous folds of the cristae provide

Answer 18

large surface area for the chemical reactions to occur

Question 19

what does mitochondria do in a cell with high energy needs

Answer 19

mitochondria cluster in areas of high energy

Question 19

what evidence supports the endosymbiosis theory of mitochondria

Answer 19

mitochondria has their own cell membrane and like prokaryotes

mitochondria has its own DNA

mitochondria multiply by pinching in half, just like binary fission in bacteria

mitochondria and plastids dont have a cytoskeleton

Question 20

What are the 3 liquids within a cell

Answer 20

fluid like substance inside of a cell is known as a cytosol

, fluid like substance inside of a chloroplast is called the stroma and inside the mitochondria is known as the mitochondrial matrix

Question 21

difference between cyoplasm and cystol

Answer 21

fluid like substance inside of a cell is known as a cytosol (cytosol plus organelles = cytoplasm)

Question 22

Surface area

Answer 22

the amount of space covering the outside of a 3D shape

Question 23

Volume

Answer 23

amount of the object takes up

Question 24

Why is the endosymbiotic theory known as endomebyosis?

Answer 24

Endo comes from the fact that mitochondria and chloroplasts were once endocytosed by the plant/animal cell

symbiotic part is because these organelles have formed a mutual (symbiotic) relationship with the plant/animal cell

Question 25

.Why do phagocytic cells contain multiple lysosomes

Answer 25

lysosomes help digest foreign susbtances that are consumed by the phagocytic cells through digestive enzymes

Question 26

the genetic material of ribosomes

Answer 26

RNA

Question 27

what kind of DNA does mitochodnria have

Answer 27

circular DNA