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Psychology > Psych test 2 > Flashcards

Psych test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Three Tasks of Neurons

A
  1. Produce energy
  2. Capture information
  3. Pass information along nervous system
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2
Q

Dendrites

A

Finger-like ends of neuron

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3
Q

Axon

A

Fiber running down neuron

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4
Q

Synapse

A

Gap between neurons

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5
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

Chemical messenger

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6
Q

Myelin Sheath

A

Outer coating of the axon

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7
Q

Process of Neuron

A
  1. Dendrites receive impulse
  2. Electrical impulse travels down axon
  3. Axon terminals receive impulse, change to neurotransmitter
  4. Axon terminals fire neurotransmitter across the synapse
  5. Dendrites of the next neuron receive impulse, process repeats
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8
Q

Action Potential*

A

When neuron fires on impulse

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9
Q

Refractory Period*

A

Resting period while waiting for gates to open from neurotransmitter to dendrites

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10
Q

Resting Potential*

A

Positive charge on outside, negative charge on inside that causes it to become neurotransmitter

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11
Q

Receptor Cells*

A

On receiving neuron on dendrites

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12
Q

Subliminal

  1. What
  2. Example
A
  1. Below the threshold

2. The example where movies had popcorn/coke frames flash across the screen and the theater sold more concessions

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13
Q

Absolute Threshold

  1. What
  2. Example
A
  1. Least amount of stimuli detectable by your receptors.

2. Detecting sound in Kindergarten hearing test where the sound starts out silent

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14
Q

Threshold Difference

  1. What
  2. Example
A
  1. Amount of stimuli needed to detect a change in the original stimulus.
  2. crescendo from piano
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15
Q

Weber’s Law**

A

Amount of stimulus needed to detect a just noticeable difference is a fraction of the original stimulus.

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16
Q

Method of Adjustments

A

test subject controls the stimulus

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17
Q

Method of Limits

A

Experimenter controls the stimuli

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18
Q

Method of Constant Stimuli

A

Experimenter controls stimuli, randomly presents the stimulus

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19
Q

What are the two chemical senses?

A

Taste and Smell

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20
Q

Taste

  1. Receptor name
  2. Four tastes
  3. Optimal tasting temp.
A
  1. Taste buds
  2. Sweet, sour, bitter, and salty.
  3. 71 - 87 degrees Fahrenheit
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21
Q

Smell
1. Receptor name
2. How many smells?
first-later-now

A
  1. Olfactory membranes

2. four-six-ten

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22
Q

Five Smells?

A 
spoiled 
chemical
Flowery 
fruity
burnt
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23
Q

Touch

  1. Receptor Name
  2. Function
A
  1. Epidermis

2. Detect pressure, pain, and temp.

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24
Q

Site Receptor Specificity Theory

A

Pain emanates from the SITE of the injury

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25
Q

Gate Control Mechanism Theory

  1. What/how
  2. example
A
  1. Pain message travels through gates getting to brain. If gate doesn’t open, pain message isn’t received by brain.
  2. Acupuncture
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26
Q

Sight

1. Receptor Name

A

rods and cones

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27
Q

Rods function and location

A

Detect object, located in the periphery of the eye

28
Q

Cones function and location

A

Detect color, located in the center of the eye

29
Q

How light goes thru eye

3 steps

A
  1. Enters thru pupil
  2. Focused by lens
  3. falls on back surface of eye (retina)
30
Q

Dichromatic color blindness

  1. What
  2. What colors?
A
  1. Two colors can’t be detected

2. Red/Green or Yellow/Blue

31
Q

Achromatic color blindness

1. What?

A
  1. No color is detected
32
Q

Blindspot

  1. What?
  2. Why? (2)
A
  1. No visual acuity
  2. no rods and cones where optic nerve connects to the eyeball
    No photoreceptors on the retina at this point.
33
Q

Hearing Receptor name

A

Auditory Nerve in ears

34
Q

How Sound travels through ears (2 steps

A
  1. Sound enters outer ear and causes movement of the eardrum.
  2. Auditory nerve sends electro-chemical signals to the brain for processing.
35
Q

define Equilibrium

A

Sense of Balance

36
Q

deine Kinesthesis

A

knowing the position/ movement of body

37
Q

What is the sensory sequence?

4

A

Stimulant →Receptor →Sensation →Perception

38
Q

Vision Part of Brain

A

Occipital Lobe

39
Q

Sound Part of Brain

A

Temporal Lobe, Auditory Cortex

40
Q

Smell And Taste Part of Brain

A

Prefrontal Lobe, Olfactory Bulb, Thalamus

41
Q

Touch Part of Brain

A

Somatosensory Cortex

42
Q

Medulla
where?
function

A
  1. Hindbrain

2. Involved in vital functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing.

43
Q

Pons
Where?
Function?

A
  1. Hindbrain

2. Located in front of the medulla and is involved in regulating body movement, attention, sleep, and alertness.

44
Q

Cerebellum
Where?
Function

A
  1. Hindbraing

2. Involved in balance and coordination.

45
Q

Midbrain areas involved with?

A

vision and hearing

46
Q

Reticular Activating System
where?
function?

A
  1. hindbrain-rises through the midbrain-into
    lower part of the forebrain.
  2. Important for attention, sleep, and arousal. Stimulation of the system makes us alert.
47
Q

function of forebrain

A

complex thinking

48
Q

Thalamus is for

A

relay station for sensory stimulation.

49
Q

Hypothalamus is for

A

senses hunger, thirst, body temp.etc

50
Q

Limbic System is for

A

memory, emotion, hunger, sex, and aggression.

51
Q

Cerebrum is for

A

Site of most conscious and intellectual activities.

52
Q

Cerebral Cortex is for

A

thinking

53
Q

Occipital Lobe is for (sense)

A

vision

54
Q

Temporal Lobe is for (sense)

A

hearing

55
Q

Parietal Lobe is for (sense)

A

touch

56
Q

Broca’s Area is for

A

speaking

57
Q

Wernicke’s Area is for

A

language comprehension

58
Q

PERCEPTION

3

A

personal experiences, emotional state, and previous learning.

59
Q

Perceptual Set

A

mindset when we perceive

60
Q

Size Constancy

A

The size of an object remains constant even when the viewing distance changes.

61
Q

Shape Constancy

A

The shape of an object remains constant even if the viewing angle changes.

62
Q

Brightness Constancy

A

The brightness of an object remains constant, even if the amount of light around it changes.

63
Q

Global Motion Parallax

A

Motion and depth which combine to form an illusion

64
Q

Muller – Lyer Illusion

A

opening up and closing in

65
Q

Figure Ground Illusion

A

Main figure vs. Background (vase)

Psychology (16 decks)

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